Spruce, Norway—Continued 
borers, cone and seed— 
Coleotechnites piceaella, 351 
spruce coneworm, 355 
borers, twig and shoot— 
white-pine weevil, 209, 423, 426, 
A475, 477 
leaf feeders— 
Coleotechnites piceaella, 351 
Epinotia nanana, 23, 371 
European spruce sawfly, 18, 19, 
24, 431, 452, 470, 471, 473, 477 
red-headed pine sawfly, 19, 431, 
439, 473 
spruce coneworm, 355 
spruce needleminer, 360 
yellow-headed spruce sawfly, 
459, 472 
sucking insects— 
Adelges lariciatus, 89 
eastern spruce gall aphid, 86, 89 
pine spittlebug, 70 
Pineus similis, 91 
Spruce, ornamental: 
Cephalcia fascipennis, 435 
pine colaspis, 142 
Spruce, red: 
bark feeder— 
white-spotted sawyer, 203 
borers, bark and phloem— 
black turpentine beetle, 244 
Dryocoetes caryi, 264 
eastern larch beetle, 248 
eastern spruce beetle, 247 
four-eyed spruce bark beetle, 
264 
hemlock borer, 168, 483 
northeastern sawyer, 205 
northern pine weevil, 211 
Pissodes dubius, 2138 
fiskei, 213 
rotundatus, 213 
Pityogenes hopkinsi, 258 
Pityophthorus balsameus, 255 
biovalis, 255 
dentifrons, 255 
patchi, 255 
pulchellus, 255 
shepardi, 255 
southern pine beetle, 240, 477, 
502 
spruce scolytus, 239 
Taenioglyptes rubentis, 259 
ruficollis, 259 
white-spotted sawyer, 2038 
borers, cone and seed— 
Coleotechnites piceaella, 391 
spruce coneworm, 355 
spruce seed moth, 371 
borers, root— 
black turpentine beetle, 244 
borers, twig and shoot— 
Pityophthorus spp., 255 
white-pine weevil, 209, 423, 426, 
AT OAT, 
608 
Spruce, red—Continued 
borers, wood— 
Anoplodera minnesotana, 195 
mutabilis, 197 
vittata, 197 
Callidium violaceum, 195 
hemlock borer, 168, 483 
northeastern sawyer, 205 
northern pine weevil, 211 
Pityophthorus balsameus, 255 
biovalis, 255 
dentifrons, 255 
patchi, 255 
pulchellus, 255 
shepardi, 255 
white-spotted sawyer, 203 
Xyloterinus politus, 264, 267 
leaf feeders— 
black-headed budworm, 385, 472 
Coleotechnites piceaella, 391 
Epinotia nanana, 238, 371 
European spruce sawfly, 18, 19, 
24, 431, 452, 470, 471, 473, 477 
hemlock looper, 344, 478, 483 
red-banded leaf roller, 384 
spruce budworm, 25, 378, 472, 
AT7 
spruce coneworm, 355 
white-spotted sawyer, 203 
yellow-headed spruce _ sawfly, 
459, 472 
sucking insects— 
Adelges strobilobius, 22, 89 
eastern spruce gall aphid, 86, 89 
pine leaf chermid, 91 
pine spittlebug, 71 
Pineus simiiis, 91 
Spruce, Sitka: 
Cooley spruce gall aphid, 87, 91 
spruce coneworm, 355 
spruce seed moth, 371 
Spruce, white: 
bark feeder— 
Taenioglyptes ruficollis, 259 
borers, bark and phloem— 
Dryocoetes caryi, 264 
eastern spruce beetle, 247 
hemlock borer, 168, 483 
Ips latidens, 262 
perturbatus, 262 
northern pine weevil, 211 
Pityophthorus shepardi, 231 
spruce scolytus, 239 
Taenioglyptes rufitcollis, 259 
white-spotted sawyer, 203 
borers, cone and seed— 
Coleotechnites piceaella, 391 
spruce coneworm, 355 
spruce seed moth, 371 
borers, twig and shoot— 
white-pine weevil, 209, 423, 426, 
AS 8 407 
borers, wood— 
Chrysobothris pusilla, 167 
hemlock borer, 168, 483 
northern pine weevil, 211 
white-spotted sawyer, 203 
