14 FOREST-TREES OF THE UNITED STATES. 
but seldom palatable or serviceable. It is used, however, in new por- 
tions of the country for preserves or for making cider. — 
No. 115. Pyrus angustifolia, Ait.—Narrow-leaved Crab.—Pennsylva- 
nia southward and westward. Perhaps only a variety of the preceding, 
with narrower leaves and rather smaller fruit. 
No. 116. Pyrus Americana, DC.—American Mountain Ash.—North- 
eastern United States. A small tree growing in swamps and mountain 
woods, sparingly in the Alleghany Mountains, most common in New | 
England and northward. Itis frequently seen in cultivation, and much | 
resembles the European Mountain Ash. The clusters of bright-red 
berries are very ornamental, and remain on the tree until winter. 
No. 117. Pyrus rivularis, Doug.—Oregon Crab Apple.—Oregon and 
Rocky Mountains. This is a small tree, ranging from California north- 
ward into Alaska. The fruit is of the size of a cherry, of an agreeable 
flavor, and used, particularly in Alaska, by the natives of the country 
for food. 
No. 118. Crategus spathulata, Michx.—Wild Thorn.—Virginia and 
southward. Of wild thorns, we have numerous species, most of which 
are small and shrubby. About twelve species and varieties of the country 
east of the Rocky Mountains may be counted as small trees, and two of 
the Rocky Mountains and western coast. 
No. 119. Crategus apiifolia, Michx.—Wild Thorn.—Virginia and south- 
ward. 
No. 120. Crategus cordata, Ait—Washington Thorn.—Virginia and 
southward. 
No. 121. Crategus arborescens, Ell.—Wild Thorn.—Southern States. 
No. 122. Crategus coccinea, L.—Searlet-fruited Thorn.—Eastern Unit- 
ed States. 
No. 123. Crataegus tomentosa, L.—Black or Pear Thorn.—Eastern Unit- 
ed States. 
No. 124. Crategus tomentosa, L., var. punctata, Gr.—Black Thorn.— 
Eastern United States. 
No. 125. Crataegus tomentosa, L., var. mollis, Gr.—Wild Thorn.—East- 
ern United States. 
No. 126. Crategus Crus-galli, L.—Cockspur Thorn.—Eastern United 
No. 127. Crategus cestivalis, T. & G.—Wild Hawthorn.—Southern 
No. 128. Crategus flava, Ait—Summer Haw.—Virginia ‘and south- 
No. 129. Crategus glandulosa, Michx.—Wild Hawthorn.—Virginiaand 
southward. 
No. 130. Crategus rivularis, Doug. — Western Hawthorn. — Rocky 
Mountains. 
No. 131. Crategus sanguinea, Pallas.—Oregon Thorn.—Oregon. 
No. 132. Photinia arbutifolia, Lindl.—Laurel Hawthorn.—California. 
A beautiful evergreen shrub or small tree of the Pacific coast. It some- 
times attains the height of 20 or 25 feet and a thickness of trunk of 12 
or 15 inches. 
No. 133. Amelanchier Canadensis, T. & G.—Service or June Berry.— 
Eastern United States. Usually a small tree, but sometimes becoming 
30 to 40 feet high, with a diameter of 10 or 12 inches. It is found mostly 
by the banks of mountain-streams. There are several varieties. 
No. 134. Amelanchier alnifolius, Nutt.—Service Berry.—Rocky Mount- 
ains. This is usually a shrub; in Oregon and Washington Territory, it 
is said to be a small tree, yielding abundance of berries, which are 
largely employed as food by the Indians. 
