Parasites and Parasitic Diseases of Dogs 5 



the animal. The dog should receive plenty of good nourishing food, 

 including a supply of meat suited to the animal's condition and the 

 amount of exercise it can take. Exercise and fresh air are important. 

 Delafond and Bourguinon have recorded the cure of sarcoptic 

 mange in the dog by suitable diet, exercise, fresh air, and hygienic 

 measures, even in an advanced stage of the disease. It is well 

 knoAvn that susceptibility to mange and scabies in various animals 

 depends in part on the general condition of the animal and on 

 weather conditions. Mange in horses and scabies in cattle are much 

 more prevalent in winter than in summer and more so among animals 

 poorly fed and cared for than among animals well fed and cared for. 

 On the other hand, it is reported that dogs in Greenland suffer from 

 mange in the summer, the disease becoming latent or cured in winter. 



In addition to hygienic measures, various treatments may be used 

 to destroy the mange mites and cure the disease. Some of the 

 proprietary products marketed for the cure of mange in dogs are 

 effective and satisfactory. Among the many treatments which have 

 been used and recommended, a few are noted here. 



The hair over the diseased portions of the body should be clipped, 

 and it is usually advisable to clip it over the entire body. The hair 

 may cover up evidence of areas in early stages of mange, from which 

 areas the disease may spread after apparent cure of evidently dis- 

 eased areas, and the removal of the hair simplifies treatment and 

 makes it possible to use smaller amounts of medicinal substances 

 effectively. The crusts present may be rubbed with green soap to 

 soften them and an hour or two later the soap and crusts removed 

 with a brush and warm water. The next day the application of 

 substances intended to destroy the mites is begun by treating one- 

 fourth of the body, a different quarter being treated each successive 

 day, so that the entire body is treated in the course of four days. 

 The applications to each quarter are rubbed in thoroughly, left on 

 for about four days, and then removed with warm water and soap. 

 After each course of treatment the applications are omitted for 

 three or four days and then repeated until the skin is healed and 

 the itching and irritation have disappeared. One application that 

 may be used consists of 1 part each of oil of tar and green soap 

 in 1 to 5 parts of alcohol. Another is 1 part each by volume of oil 

 of tar and crude petroleum oil, and 6 parts of liquid petrolatum. 

 Another is cresol liniment, consisting of 2 parts aqua cresolis and 1 

 part each of soft soap and alcohol. Another is sublimed sulphur 2 

 parts, oil of tar 1 part, potassium carbonate 1 part, and lard 8 

 parts. Another is an ointment, consisting of sublimed sulphur 150 

 grams, potassium carbonate 8 grams, and lard 60 grams. Another 

 is flowers of sulphur 1 part, tincture of iodine 1 part, oil of tar 8 

 parts, and olive oil 8 parts. Ordinary sulphur ointment, 1 part 

 sulphur to 8 parts lard, may be used ; to this may be added 1 dram 

 of balsam of Peru. The ordinary lime-sulphur dips may be used. 

 The animals should be prevented from licking the applications, by 

 the use of a muzzle, broad collar, or some other means. 



During the period of treatment the bowels must be kept open by 

 the use of castor oil or Glauber's salt, daily if necessary. The ani- 

 mals must be protected from cold. All diseased animals should 

 be isolated for their own benefit and for the protection of those not 

 diseased. It should also be kept in mind that sarcoptic mange of 



