30 



orange leaves. At Toowoomba, November 11-12, 1891, numerous eggs were found 

 upon full grown Iccrya, larvae of various sizes feeding upon this scale. Eight of 

 these, nearly full grown, were found within an egg sac and pupa? upon leaves and 

 branches near the devoured scales. Also two specimens upon orange at Brisbane. 

 Again at Toowoomba. November 11, 1891, upon orange many specimens were found, 

 and also upon Eugenia sp. From an unusually large and nice specimens of leery a with 

 large eixg mass, found on orange and placed in a pill box, twelve fully grown larva 1 

 of this beetle were found in the same the following day, all having developed within 

 tbe one egg sac. One of these pupated on November 15, 1891, and the beetle came 

 out six days later, November 21, 1891. Two specimens of this beetle were seen in 

 the museum collection at Brisbane, and Mr. Olliff, at Sydney, possessed one specimen 

 that was collected at Parramatta. This appears to be the principal enemy of the 

 Iccrya purchasii Mask., in New South Wales and Queensland, as it was in fact the 

 only species found feeding upon this scale in the country ; while in the city of Sidney 

 it is the Vedalia cardinalia Muls. that keeps the trees free from Icerya, while in the 

 country this seems to feed upon Monophlebus chiefly. Specimens of this interesting 

 and valuable insect were repeatedly sent to Mr. Coquillett, yet Mr. Craw has, from 

 three specimens received, succeeded in breeding the same and thousands have already 

 been distributed. This will prove a valuable addition in keeping the Icerya in check, 

 and, from what 1 have observed in Australia, its very active habits in hunting up 

 solitary specimens of scales upon large trees in the country will admirably fit it to 

 keep away all danger of the Ieerya ever again becomiug established in large num- 

 bers for any length of time. I have found a new species of Icerya in Australia that 

 lives upon leptospermum Icevigatum, but only an occasional specimen could be found 

 and no enemies were observed to feed upon the same. No doubt it is also this little 

 Xovins that breeds upon this. 



Xorius bellus Blackb. — Another of the valuable enemies for Ieerya, although not 

 found preying upon the same, still I am confident it will devour them as well as the 

 the two foregoing species. The beetles were met with in company with Vedalia 

 cardinalis Muls., and feeding as this upon Monophlebus fuseus Mask., upon Casua- 

 rina at Harwood, New South Wales. Numerous empty pupa? skins were present 

 upon the leaves of these trees, which may belong to either of the species. The first 

 specimen was found near Gosford, New South Wales, upon a shrub in an immediate 

 location to Casuarina. The insect was described from specimens in Mr. French's 

 collection, who, as he informed me, had received the same from one of his corre- 

 spondents. Mr. French tried a dozen different coccids, none of which they would 

 eat, yet he did not give Icerya or Monophlebus. 



EHtMonyx lanosus Blackb. — This insect was found at Gosford, New South Wales. 

 December, 1891, upon Cyncarpia laurifoUa infested with Aspidiolus eyncarpiai Mask., 

 Chionaspis eugenice Mask., and Dactylopius sp. here not in large numbers. It was 

 quite numerous at Toowoomba, Queensland, upon orange infested with Red and 

 Black Scale, and here they were found in copulation, as well as upon Eugenia sp. 

 infested with Chionaspis eugenics Mask. The beetle was observed to feed upon this 

 Chionaspis on a species of Dracaena. Numbers were sent to California on several oc- 

 casions, and they may be expected to feed upon Chionaspis with us and probably also 

 other scales. The larva of this beetle was not found. 



Srymnodes koebelei Blackb. — The economic value of this insect could nol be studied 

 in Australia, as no specimens were found, excepting in rare instances, upon any of 

 the cultivated trees or such coccids found thereon. The insect shows a resemblance 

 to the valuable Bhizobius, and doubtless will breed with us upon Chionaspis, and, 

 lik lv, Lecanium. It was found most numerous, and during the whole time of my 

 stay in Australia., upon Bariksia serrata, around Sydney, where, on July 7 and S. 

 1892, a few larvae were found, likely belonging to this insect. One of these was 

 brought to California, but finally died without pupating. This larva is unlike any 



Transactions <>i the Royal Society ol South Australia, 1892, XI, j>. 69. 



