(Shs) 
SupraMILy I. BUBALIDINE.. 
General Characters.—Size large. Muzzle naked. A small anteorbital gland* 
present. Nostrils large, valvular, the lower lids covered with short bristly 
hairs. Tail long and tufted. False hoofs large. No knee-brushes. Mamme 
2 or 4. 
Skull without supraorbital pits or lachrymal vacuities, but with shallow 
lachrymal pits. Upper molar teeth tall and very narrow. 
Horns present in both sexes, those of the female merely rather more slender 
than those of the male ; always of medium length, that is, approximately, of 
the length of the head. 
Range of Subfamily. Whole of Africa, including the Arabian Subregion. 
The Subfamily Bubalidine is readily divisible into three genera, as 
follows:— 
1. Buatis, the true Hartebeests, with abnormally long faces and doubly- 
curved horns ; 
2. Damauiscus, the Bonteboks and their allies, with normal faces and 
simply-curved horns ; and 
3. ConNocHzTES, the Gnus: remarkable animals with tufted faces, 
maned necks, expanded muzzles, and doubly-curved horns. 
2 
* The term anteorbital gland denotes the so-called ‘“tear-bag” which opens on the face of 
many Antelopes and Deer. The lachrymal pits are placed in a depression of the skull below 
the orbit of the eye in the lachrymal bone, and contain the above-mentioned gland. The 
lachrymal vacuity is a larger or smaller aperture between some of the component bones of 
the skull, situated near the lachrymal pit and at the base of the nasal bones, which form a thin 
roofing over the cavity of the nose. The term supraorbital pits is applied to deep excavations in the 
forehead of the skull between the eyes, which lead into perforations traversing the thickness of the 
bone. The molar teeth are the last three teeth on either side of each jaw. 
