ol 
Horns of medium length, thick, evenly diverging from each other as they 
curve backwards; their tips decidedly, though not abruptly, bent inwards 
and slightly upwards. 
Female similar to the male, but without horns, or occasionally with minute 
rudiments of them. 
Hab. Western Asia from Asia Minor and Caucasia in the west to 
Turkestan, Yarkand, and Mongolia in the east. 
The Persian Gazelle, as it is commonly caJled, is by no means restricted 
to Persia, but, as we shall presently show, has a wide range through the 
steppes of Central Asia from the borders of Asia Minor to Northern China. 
It was first made known to science by Anton Giildenstadt, an enterprising 
Russian traveller and naturalist of the last century, who met with it in 1772 
in the course of his explorations of the countries adjacent to the Black and 
Caspian Seas. Giildenstadt wrote an elaborate description of it in 1878 
in a memoir published two years later in the ‘ Acta’ of the Imperial Academy 
of Sciences of St. Petersburg, and named it “ swbgutturosa,” “ because its 
throat protruded slightly, but not so much as in Antilope gutturosa.” 
Pallas, who also observed this Antelope during his travels in Central Asia, 
included it under Giildenstadt’s name in his ‘ Zoographia Rosso-Asiatica.’ 
After Gildenstadt and Pallas several other Russian naturalists—Hohen- 
acker, Nordmann, and Kichwald—recorded this Gazelle as being met with 
on the plains of Transcaucasia. Ménétriés, in his memoir on the Zoology of 
the Caucasus published in 1832, tells us that at that period it was very 
common, especially in winter, on the vast steppes bordering the Caspian 
between Baku and Kur, whence, as Herr Biichner has kindly informed us, 
it extends up the valley of the Kur nearly to Tiflis. Satunin, our most 
recent authority on the Mammals of this district, states that he found it 
throughout the steppes of Eastern Transcaucasia, and especially numerous 
on the Mugan Steppe. Whether this is the Gazelle found on the upper 
plains of the Tigris and Euphrates, as reported by Danford from hearsay, 
seems to be uncertain, though it probably penetrates into the highlands of 
Asiatic Turkey adjacent to Mount Ararat, and is certainly found in the 
valley of the Araxes. 
In Persia, Dr. Blanford tells us, in his volume on the zoology of that 
country, G. subgutturosa is the Gazelle of the highlands, and is found in 
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