592 APPENDIX. 
Hemiptera, Neuroptera, and Diptera, that these parts are distinguishable from 
the rest. Take Tabanus, for example. How useful will the term flagellum be 
to describe the six last joints, together of so singular a shape, which cannot 
be described taking them jointby joint; and in Gryllus the flagellum is often 
compressum, while the stalklet and scape are nearly globose. In Cimex and 
the Neuroptera, the scape, at least, is always remarkable. We want a fourth 
term for antenna, viz., Capitulum, to be applied to Scarabeus, &c. &c. I observe 
in Geotrupes that the inner spinula is moveable, and the other fixed ; but 
whether this is so in the other orders I cannot clearly determine, but I think in 
Vespa both are moveable, I observe in Gryllus the plantula you mention, but 
the same name may apply to it. 
“ Thorax or Collare.—I continue to think the parts that have been known 
by these names in Coleoptera and Hymenoptera are analogous to each other. 
The collare being connected by membrane, &c., with the tubereula or scapu- 
laria, might on being taken off move them, and occasion the motion of the 
wings you mention. I have taken off some this morning without producing 
this effect. If you take off the head of a Vespa, it will carry the forelegs with 
it, and leave the collar behind; but I have just taken off the heads of several 
Apes, Ichneumons, Melitte, and other Hymenoptera, and they haye more 
generally left the forelegs behind. The thorax in Coleoptera seems to me 
exactly in the place of the collare in Hymenoptera. I have taken to pieces 
the Geotrupes you describe, and sce the piece you think analogous to the col-’ 
lare; but this piece appears to me to belong to the interior anatomy, and to be 
part of the mediastinum, or of the strong membrane that separates this part 
from the peetus. Dytiscus, Mylabris, Buprestis, Curculio, all of which I haye 
been examining, have nothing analogous to it, but mere membrane; in these 
large insects I suppose it is of a more cartilaginous nature, In order to make 
it analogous to the collare, it ought to be universal. You seem to me to have 
made out the analogous parts of Coleoptera and Hymenoptera extremely well ; 
but what answers to the mesostethium appears to me not so very small, for it 
seems to me to extend more than half way towards the wings. The term 
dorsum might give place for post-collare, then we should haye thorax and 
metathorax, collare and post-collare, and pectus and postpectus, which would 
give concinnity to our terms. ‘The part you notice in Vespa, as succeeding 
the scutellum, and to which your aceurate eye has discovered an analogous 
part under the scutellum of Geotrupes, might be called antelumbium, or post- 
scutellum, as you suggest. This part seems not to be separated by a suture, 
but only by an impressed line in Vespa; but a suture distinguishes it in some 
genera: it is not very obvious in Apis, By the term lumbi we agreed to dis- 
tinguish the parts that lie on each side of the channel that runs from the 
antelumbium to the abdomen. ‘The channel itself, which in Coleopterous in- 
sects has often an elevated line running through it, or kind of vertebra, we 
called interlumbium ; this part exactly represents the loins with the back bone 
between them. We did wrong when we constructed our termini anatomici, in 
not making definitions when we named them, for I forget exactly now what 
we meant by femorale, unless we proposed to distinguish by it the dilated flat 
cox of the posterior legs in Dytiscus and Buprestis. ‘The intercosta was 
intended for a piece observable in Buprestis vittata, which is between the 
mesostethium and the posterior coxe. ‘Lhe term costula was intended for a 
little piece which seemed inserted between the scapularia and the peristethium 
in the same Buprestis; but it is dubious whether they exist, and therefore I 
think with you we may strike out these terms. I see that it would be very 
convenient to have a term to distinguish sides from edge: in English we can 
say very well, sides deflexed, edge rounded. Perhaps, in Latin we might say, 
lateribus deflexis, acie rotundata ; but even this might be liable to be misun- 
