TAWNY PIPIT. 
Anthus rufescens, Temm. 
La Pipit rousseline. 
Tuis elegant species of Pipit, to which M. ‘Temminck has given the specific name of rufescens, is the same as 
that described by Bechstein under the name of Anthus campestris, which name M. Temminck states he has 
been induced to change to that of rufescens, as campestris is one of the synouyius of the Anthus pratensis, and 
is, moreover, a term inapplicable to either of the species. 
The present is, with the exception of 4. Richard, the largest of the European Pipits, and may at once 
be distinguished by the yellow tinge pervading the whole of its plumage. It is almost strictly terrestrial, as 
its lengthened tarsus and hind claw clearly indicate, seldom perching upon trees: hence it is to be seen on 
commons, plains, and in open hilly country. M.Temminck says it is common in Germany and France, where 
it is migratory, visiting those countries for the purpose of incubation. It is rare in Holland, and we are 
not aware of any instance of its being discovered in England. We are informed that, like the rest of its 
genus, it constructs a nest on the ground, among herbage or loose clots of earth, laying four or six roundish 
eges of a pale grey with violet and russet markings. The outward sexual differences in this species are 
not distinguishable, nor do the sexes offer any marked difference of plumage in the various seasons of 
the year. 
The whole of the upper surface is of a tawny or yellowish grey, the middle of each feather having a slight 
dash of brown; the wings, the scapularies, and the lesser and greater wing-coverts, abruptly margined with 
yellowish white ; throat white, as is also a large streak which passes over the eye ; the whole of the under 
surface light Isabelle yellow ; a few dusky spots commence at the lower mandible. and are thinly dispersed 
over the chest; tail somewhat forked, the middle feathers brown, the outer ones nearly white; beak brown ; 
legs and claws flesh colour. 
The Plate represents a pair of these birds of the natural size. 
