16 THE BUTTERFLIES OF THE WEST COAST 



Eurydice: In the valley the female is light lemon-yellow, and the 

 male never has black on the hind wings, but at its upper range the 

 female is often a greenish-yellow, especially beneath, and the male 

 is more of a dusky-black, and sometimes has a black border to 

 the hind wings, and thus becomes variety Bernardino. 



In a general way, those butterflies inhabiting only the heights 

 of mountains in the southern part of the State will be found 

 flying at sea-level in the Puget Sound region, if they go that far 

 north, as Vanessa Californka, which at the south does not come 

 below 5,000 feet altitude. So those butterflies which live only in 

 the low valleys of the south, and not flying far up the sides of the 

 mountains, do not in any case go far north, as Lemomas Virgulti, 

 and many others. They are tender and more tropical, and cannot 

 stand much altitude or northing. 



Some species can endure and even enjoy a great range of alti- 

 tude and of northing, while others evidently cannot go far from 

 their chosen habitat, either in the way of altitude or of northing, 

 but just what it is that limits their range, is not known. 



Then there are other kinds that inhabit high altitudes in the 

 southern regions, and still are not found, in any circumstances, in 

 the north. So that it is seen that each kind has its own peculiar 

 preferences, though no one has as yet told us much about what 

 those preferences are. Butterflies therefore are like gold : "They 

 are where you find them," and the butterfly hunter must go where 

 they are, and that is often in the most improbable and unexpected 

 places. 



§ 3. Distribution as to Latitude. 



On the West Coast we find that those species which are pecu- 

 liarly indigenous to the immediate coast are likely to be very 

 limited in range north and south. Yet there are some that have 

 a wide limit in latitude. In these cases, going north, the size 

 decreases and the colors darken and become dusky and clouded, 

 until at length it is regarded as a different species, as, for instance, 

 Chryso. Helloides, and Dorcas, which I regard as really but one 

 species, but so changed by climatic environment that they must 

 be considered as two. 



The rule, as stated above as to size, has many exceptions ; as, 

 Pieris Beckeri is larger and finer at the north than in the south ; 

 Anth. Stella also suffers no diminution in size by going north. 



