GENUS PIERIS 95 



south of the latitude of Monterey, and being quite absent in the 

 more southern counties, where Protodice takes its place. In its 

 range Occidentalis flies from the sea-coast, over the plains, and 

 high up into the mountains, being everywhere present. 



39. Pieris Calyce. 



Plate V ; Figures 39, b. 



Fig. 39, Male, Tacoma, Washington, May 10, 1890; 

 Author, 

 b, Female, Lake Tahoe, Cal., July, 1892 ; Author. 

 Calyce is the cold-weather, or early brood of the preceding, 

 being smaller in size and darker in color or markings. Of course 

 there is no sharp dividing line between Occidentalis and Calyce, 

 but they intergrade insensibly, and many specimens could not be 

 separated, or would be determined differently, by different men. 



40. Pieris Protodice. 



Plate V ; Figures 40, b. 



Fig. 40, Male, Slover Mountain, Cal., 1889; Author. 



b, Female, Greenhorn Mountains, Cal., June, 1888; 

 Author. 

 Protodice is the southern representative of Occidentalis, ming- 

 ling with Occidentalis along the latitude of Monterey, but not 

 going so far north, and going far south into Mexico, where Occi- 

 dentalis does not go. It also goes well to the countries east of the 

 Mississippi River, being, in fact, one of the widest-flying species 

 of western America. 



41. Pieris Vernalis. 



Plate V ; Figures 41, b. 



Fig. 41, Male, Riche Canyon, So. Cal., December 15, 1891 ; 

 Author, 

 b. Female, Mt. St. Helena, Cal., April 2, 1894; 

 Author. 

 This is the cold-weather form of Protodice, occurring mainly 

 in the cold seasons of winter and spring ; it is smaller in size, and 

 darker in markings than Protodice, and is, in fact, more of a sea- 

 sonal form than anything else ; no one supposes that it is separate 

 and distinct. 



The underside of these four forms is not shown on the plates, 

 as the pattern of the ornamentation is the same on both sides. 



