ENTOMOLOGY. 



649 



firesque Dieu dici solct : totum corpus macilentum est. 

 Tarn divina censetur bestiola, ut puero interroganti de 

 via, altero pede extcnso rcctam monstrat, atque raro vel 

 nunquara fallut. Cauda illi bifurca, setaccis duobus acu- 

 leis piaedita; atque ut nanum elevatione vatcs refert, ita 

 etiam et motus similitudine ; neque enim ludit ut alii, 

 neque saltat, neque gestit ; sed lente obambulans mo- 

 dcstiam retinet et maturam quadam ostendit gravitatem." 

 The work is professedly an improvement on that of Dr 

 Wotton, begun in 1550, continued by Conrad Gesner ; 

 and was afterwards enriched and published in its present 

 form by Mouffet. 



In 1646, Hollar gained considerable reputation by his 

 work, Muscarum, Scarabaorum, Vermiumquevarit ftgu- 

 rt et forma, omnes ad vivum coloribus de/iictte et ex col- 

 lection arundeliana, isfc. which was published at Ant- 

 werp. 



In 1657, the Historia JVaturalis of Johnson, in folio, was 

 published ; but as this work is a mere compilation, it is 

 unworthy of further notice ; for " he has not added a sin- 

 gle remark to what was before known." 



In 1658, an English translation of Mouffet's work 

 was published in London by Topsal, chaplain of St Bo- 

 tolph. 



Goedart, about this time, published a work in the Dutch 

 language, with plates. This work, considering the time 

 of its appearance, must be considered of considerable 

 merit. It has been translated into Latin-, French, Ger- 

 man, and English, with copies of the plates. " For the 

 space of twenty years," we are told, " Goedart devoted 

 himself to the study of insects." He followed them 

 through their progressive changes with great precision : 

 this renders his book more extensively acceptable ; and 

 his figures, which were never surpassed by his prede- 

 cessors, are sufficiently correct to be understood. The 

 first edition of this work being sold off, the first volume 

 of a Latin translation, by Dr Mey, minister of Middle- 

 burg was produced, under the title of Metamorphoses et 

 Historia JVaturalis Insectorum, in 1662. Lister allows 

 but little credit to the translators of his works : " Goe- 

 dart," he observes, " left his writings in Dutch ; his 

 translators were men wholly ignorant of natural history, 

 and their comments are mere rhapsodies altogether." 



In 1664, a quarto, relating to insects as objects of mi- 

 croscopical investigation, by Power, was published. 



In 1665, Hook's Microgra/ihia appeared ; and, like the 

 former work of Power, treats of minute insects. 



In 1 666, was published in quarto, Adami Olearii Got- 

 torffische kunst-kammer Sle.iivig. 



In 1667, Pinax rerum naturalium Britannicarum, con- 

 tinens Veg:tabilia, Animalia et Eossilia, in hac insula re- 

 fierta inchoatus, by Christopher Merret, M. D. was pub- 

 lished in London. This is the first work treating exclu- 

 sively of the insects of Britain: it contains a brief cata- 

 logue of such as were known to Dr Merret, each being 

 accompanied by a concise descriptive sentence by way 

 of name. In the first volume of intTransactions of the 

 Entomological Society of London, an account of the in- 

 sects given by this author, with their systematic names, 

 is given by A. H. Handorth, Esq. 



In 1668, Charlton published a work in London, with 

 a systematic arrangement of insects, after the manner of 

 Aldrovandus, entitled, Onomastkon Zoicon, &c. 4to. 



Vol.. VIII. Part II. 



In 1669, was printed in Dutch, with a Latin title, at 

 Utrecht, Historia Insectorum Generalis, isfc. by the illus- 

 trious Swummerdam. This work was printed in 4to. 

 (and has since undergone several editions, which we shall 

 mention in their proper order), illustrated with thirteen 

 copper- plates. Many years elapsed before the excellence 

 of this work, the admiration of later times, was in any 

 manner ackowledged. It was condemned as inaccurate 

 until the death of its learned and generous author, afford- 

 ing one of the many examples of that culpable spirit 

 which living merit so rarely fails to experience, for la- 

 bours bestowed for the benefit of an ungrateful world. 

 No sooner was his death announced, than his merits were 

 discovered, and his work was rendered into French by 

 an anonymous translator: this and many other edi- 

 tions soon after followed. The system of this author is 

 interesting; we shall therefore give a short sketch to 

 our readers. He divides insects into four classes, the 

 characters being taken from their metamorphoses and 

 economy. The first undergo no change, and includes 

 sfiiders, onisci, &c. (which are noticed under our article 

 Cbusta6eology). The second class includes those 

 which, after leaving the egg, appear under the form of 

 the perfect insect, but have no wings ; in which state it 

 eats and grows, till, having passed the chrysalis state, it. 

 issues thence with wings, and is in a condition capable of 

 propagating its kind. This class comprehends the orders 

 of insects Ortho/itera, Dermafitera, Dictuofitera, Ifemifi- 

 tera, and JYeurofitera, of this work. In the third class, 

 we find those insects which appear when hatched from 

 the egg, under the form of a caterpillar [Larva,) which 

 when full grown, changes into a chrysalis, where it 

 remains until the parts are fit to be developed. The in- 

 sects included in this class arc the orders, I. Coleofitera, 

 and 2. A/itera, (Lamarck); Suctoria, (Latreille) ; whose 

 larvae divest themselves of their skin before transfor- 

 mation. The fourth class comprehends those who, ha- 

 ving attained the pupa (or chrysalis) state, do not divest 

 themselves of their skin. The insects alluded to are the 

 orders DiJUera and Hymenofitera of modern entomolo- 

 gists. 



In the same year Wolf's Disscrtatio de Insectis, tuV. 

 appeared at Lcipsic. The author was professor of me- 

 dicine at Jena. 



In 1671, Rcdi published his Exfieritnenta circa gene- 

 rationem Insectorum, in which he combats the long-main- 

 tained doctrine of equivocal generation with success; 

 proving by experiments and close reasoning, the fallacy 

 of such opinions. At the end of this book he has given 

 figures of the lice of birds. 



In 1671, Claude Perrault, one of the most learned 

 exotic entomologists of his age, author of several very 

 ingenious papers in the Memoirs of the Erench Academy, 

 published a folio work at Puris, entitled, Metnoires fiour 

 servir a I' Histoire naturelle des Animaux. 



In 1672, Ferrard published a work at Naples, of 

 which we have no account, nor have we met with it. 



In 1673, Franzelio submitted his Insecta JVovisolii cum 

 nive delafisa to the world. 



In the same year, at Frankfort, was published by 

 Mollerus, Medilatio de Insectis quibusdam Hungaricis 

 firodigiosis anno firoxime flrxterito, ex acre una cum nivc 

 in agros delafisis, ornamented with wooden cuts. 



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