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ENTOMOLOGY. 



Family I. Pafiilionida, 



Caterpillar elongate, cylindric. Chrysalis elongate, 

 angular. Tarsi of Imago with distinct nails. 



Genus CCCCXVI. Papilio. Fabr. Latr. Leach. 

 Antennae, at their points, furnished with a conic-ovate 

 or lengthened-ovate, somewhat arcuate, club. Palpi 

 very short, pressed close to the face, scarcely reaching 

 the ciypeus; the two first joints of equal length; the 

 third minute, and nearly obsolete. Feet in both sexes 

 alike, all being formed for walking, and furnished with 

 distinct but simple claws. Anterior wings generally 

 somewhat falcate ; hinder ones often tailed ; the internal 

 margin excised or folded to admit of free play for the 

 abdomen. 



The caterpillar is tentaculated, fleshy, and furcate. 

 The chrysalis angulatcd, with two processes before; it 

 fastens itself by a transverse thread. 



The species of this genus, which constitutes the most 

 beautiful pait of the creation, are found chiefly in the 

 Warmer regions, very ftw occurring in the more tempe- 

 rate parts of the world. Their flight is extremely rapid. 

 Sfi. 1. Machaon. Black and yellow; hinder wings 

 tailed; edges of the wings black, with yellow crescents ; 

 the tips of the hinder ones with a red spot at their infe- 

 rior tips. 



Pafiilio Machaon. Linn. Fabr. 

 Inhabits Europe; the larva in the fennel. 

 In England il is called the Swallow-tailed Butterfly, 

 and is very local. It is the most superb of all the British 

 species of this family. The caterpillar is green, banded 

 ■with black, marked by a row of red. spots. It changes 

 into the chrysalis state in July ; and the fly is found in 

 August. Two broods are said to be found; the first in 

 May, having lain in the chrysalis or pupa state all the 

 winter. 



Pafiilio fiodalirius of Linne, which belongs to this ge- 

 nus, has been introduced into the British Fauna, on very 

 dubious authority. 



Genus CCCCXVII. Doritis. Fnbricius. 

 Parnassius. Latreille. 

 Pieris. Schrank. 



Feet all alike in both sexes. Ungues or claws simple. 

 Palpi rising above the ciypeus, very prominent, cylin- 

 dric-conic, with three very distinct joints. Antennse 

 with a thickened, somewhat ovate straight head. Hinder 

 wings not tailed ; the internal margin excised, to admit 

 of free play for the abdomen. 



The chrysalis smooth, somewhat folliculate. 

 Sfl. 1. jl}iollo. Wings white, rounded, spotted with 

 black ; the lower pair marked with annular red spots. 

 Pafiilio Jlfiollo. Gmelin. 

 Parnassius Afiollo. Latr. 

 Doritis Afiollo. Fabr. 

 Inhabits Germany and France. 



Larva black, spotted with red. Chrysalis brown, pow- 

 dered with violet. 



This elegant insect, which has been confounded by 

 some authors with Doritis JVemosijne and P/iabus, is men- 

 tioned here in order to inform the reader, that it has no 

 right or title whatever to a place in the British Fauna, 

 although it has been described as such by Mr Harworth, 

 and lias been figured by Mr Donovan on the most vague 

 and unsatisfactory authority. 



Genus CCCCXVIII. Pontia. Fabr. 

 Pieris. Schrank, Latr. 



Antennas elongate, with an abrupt, obconic, compress- 

 ed head. Palpi slender, somewhat cylindric ; the last 



joint as long as the preceding. Wings not very narrow, 

 or much lengthened ; hinder ones grooved to admit the 

 abdomen, but not tailed. Feet alike in both sexes ; claws 

 unidentate or bifid. 



Chrysalis angulated, fastened by a transverse thread. 

 * Anterior wings somewhat trigonate; hinder ones 

 somewhat orbiculate. 

 Sfl. 1. Crattegi. Wings white, with a faint tinge of 

 yellowish and black nerveurs. 

 Pafiilio cratagi. Linn. 

 Pieris crattegi. Schrank, Latr. 

 Pontia cratagi. Fabr. 



Inhabits Europe. In England, it is found near Lon- 

 don, where it is called Black-veined white. 

 Sfi. 2. Brassica, (large cabbage-butterfly.) 

 Pafiilio brassica. Linn. 

 Pontia brassica. Fabr. 

 Pieris brassica. Latr. 



Inhabits Europe everywhere. The larva feeds on the 

 cabbage. 



Sfi. 3. Fafia, (small cabbage-butterfly). 

 Pafiilio rape. Linn. 

 Pontia rape. Fabr. 

 Pieris rape. Latr. 

 Inhabits Europe on cabbages. 

 Sfi. 4. JVafii, (green-veined white butterfly). 

 Pafiilio nafii. Linn. 

 Pontia nafii. Fabr. 

 Pieris nafii. Latr. 

 Inhabits Europe everywhere. 

 Sfi. 5. Cardamines, (orange-tipt butterfly). 

 Pafiilio cardamines. Linn. 

 Pontia cardamines. Fabr. 

 Pieris cardamines. Latr. 



Inhabits Europe. The larva feeds on the Cardamine 

 firatensis. 



Pafiilio dafilidice, Linn.; Pontia dafilidice, Fabr.; Pie- 

 ris dapladice of Latreille, has been introduced into the 

 British catalogue, but on very slender authority. 

 * * Wings somewhat oval. 

 Sfi. 1. Sinafiis. Wings white, with blackish tips. 

 (Wood white butterfly). 

 Pafiilio sinafiis. Gmelin. 

 Pieris sinafiis. Latr. 



Genus CCCCXIX. Colias. Fabr. Latr. 

 Pieris. Schrank. 



Antennse short, gradually thickening into an obconic 

 head. Palpi much compressed ; the last joint very short. 

 Feet alike in both sexes, all with bifid, or unidentate 

 nails. Wings anterior, somewhat trigonate; hinder 

 rounded, with a groove to receive the abdomen. 



Chrysalis angulated, fastened by a transverse thread. 

 Sfi. 1. Hyale, (clouded yellow butterfly). 

 Pafiilio Hyale of authors. 

 Pieris Hyale. Schrank. 

 Colias Hyale. Fabr. Latr. 



Inhabits Europe. Occurs in England once in three 

 years, in great plenty, in every part of the country. There 

 is a pale coloured variety of each sex, which have been 

 considered as distinct species. 



Genus CCCCXX. Gonepteryx. Leach. 

 Colias. Fabr. Latr. 

 Pieris. Schrank. 



Antennae short, gradually thickening into an obconic 

 head. Palpi short, much compressed ; the last joint very 

 short. Feet alike in both sexes, all with a bifid or uniden- 

 tate nail. Wings angulated, large, the hinder one groov- 

 ed to receive the abdomen. 



