152 AMERICAN SPIDERS AND THEIR SPINNINGWORK. 
either side by a yellow ribbon, which passes around the orange yellow spinnerets, The 
epigynum has a narrow atriolum (Plate I'V., 1c, 1d, le), with a strong brownish black corneeus 
scapus, channeled along the lower side and spooned at the tip, resembling that of Epeira 
Benjamina and E. arabesca. 
Mate: Plate V., Figs. 4a-c. Fourteen mm, long, but varying much in length, one speci- 
men being but little more than half this measurement. The cephalothorax is a long oval, 
6 mm. long, 5 mm. wide; the fosse a lengthened longitudinal slit; the corselet flat upon the 
top; the corselet grooves and cephalic suture very indistinct; the juncture of the caput 
almost obliterated, the head narrowing to the face; very little pubescence; the skin yellow- 
ish brown, smooth, glossy, with yellow stripes around the margins and longitudinal stripes 
upon the summit faintly, after the fashion of the female. The legs are long, very stout at 
the femora and tibia-I and II, but much thinner at the tarsus and metatarsus; tibia-I is 
somewhat thickened at the apex, and provided with a number of short, black clasping 
teeth, flanked by strong rows of black spines. The femur of leg-II has a number of black 
shortened spines underneath the apical part; the tibia is thickened at the base, curved, 
thickened again at the apex, and provided the entire length with numerous black clasping 
spines, which are much more numerous towards the apex, where they are clustered together 
in quadruple rows; strong, long black spines arm the base, and extend along either side. 
All the legs are provided with yellowish brown spines and yellowish bristles; the leg arma- 
ture of the male of this species is extremely formidable. The abdomen is a long oval, 
marked upon the dorsum somewhat as is the female, but with the herring bone pattern 
more interrupted; the palps are represented as to shape and color by Plate V., Figs. 4a-c. 
Strong, blunt, curved coxal spurs mark the first legs at their articulation with the trochan- 
ter, and a long conical spur marks the middle of coxa-IV in a similar position. Length, 
1, 2, 4, 3, as follows: 24.5, 21.75, 20.5, 13.5 mm. 
This species has points of resemblance to E. arabesca, but is decidedly different in many 
respects. The coloring and shape of the cephalothorax alone at once distinguish it; in Ara- 
besca this is high, peaked in the centre, abruptly sloping to the base and to the face, whereas 
in E. vertebrata the corselet is rather flat on top, and very gradually depressed to the base 
and the face* The dorsal pattern upon the abdomen is quite different, although presenting 
points of resemblance. The characteristics of the male are different, and the size of Verte- 
brata is much greater than of Arabesca. 
The dark forms of this species (Plate IV., Fig. 1) resemble in the markings of the 
abdomen the lighter variety. The abdomen, however, in the specimens possessed by me 
appears to be of a more uniform oval shape throughout. The colors of the abdomen are 
black, with yellow markings. On either side are two broad broken bands of circular and 
irregular waving figures, which meet in front and at the apex. The cephalothorax and 
the legs are of a dark reddish brown, or even blackish. The bands on the cephalothorax 
are also quite black, as are the tips of the female. This may be the normal color of the 
female after depositing the cocoon, but I have so many specimens that are marked in this 
way that it seems well to note the differences. 
Disrrisution: A number of specimens of both sexes and various ages have been 
received from California (Mrs. Eigenmann, Dr. Davidson, Dr. Blaisdell). From the ‘ Alba- 
tros” expeditions (Mr. C. H. Townsend) I have examples from Clarion Island, Lower 
California, and Galapagos Islands. At San Diego the species is abundant and is distributed 
to some extent northward along the Pacific Coast. It may be a subtropical species. I 
have raised several from imported eggs to maturity in Philadelphia. 
No. 11. Epeira Ithaca (new species). Plate IV., Figs. 8, 3a-d. 
FemaLe: Total length, 10 mm. ; abdomen, 7 mm. long, 5 mm. wide at broadest part; 
cephalothorax, 5 mm. long, 3 mm. wide. The colors for the fore part-of the body are 
orange yellow and yellow; of the abdomen, yellow and brown. The colors of the male are 
similar, 
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