182 AMERICAN SPIDERS AND THEIR SPINNINGWORK. 
between the midfront and sidefront eyes as compared with the typical Epeira.t To 
this group might also be assigned FE. forata, E. linteata, and .«E. juniperi, although their 
abdomens are not distinctly triangular, and lack shoulder humps. 
The larger Angulata, whose descriptions follow,? may be regarded as among the more 
typical Epeira. They all make the typical Epéiroid wheel shaped web, which is often very 
large, and occupy, especially during the day, a leafy nest above and at one side of the 
snare, which they command by a taut trapline attached to the hub thereof. In some parts 
of the United States the most common Orbweavers belong to this group. One at least, 
B. angulata, is distributed throughout the entire country; and two, E. diademata and 
E. angulata, are common in Europe, the former, indeed, being the best known garden Orb- 
weaver. 
No. 40. Epeira gemma McCoox. Plate X, Fig. 6; Pl. IX, Figs. 1, 2. 
1888. Epeira gemma, McCook... . .« Proceed. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., p. 193. 
1889. Jipeira gemma, Marx ..... . Catalogue, p. 545. 
1892. Epeira gemma, Knyseruina . . . Spinn. Amerik., Epeir., p. 1165, vi., 85. 
Frmate: Total length, 19 mm.; abdomen, 16.7 mm. long, 16 mm. wide; cephalothorax, 
6.9 mm. long, 6 mm. in the middle, and 2.8 mm. wide. One large specimen in my posses- 
sion measures oyer 20 mm. in length. General colors yellow, with brown or darkish 
markings, and for the fore part yellow and brown. 
CrrHALorHoRAXx: Cordate, the base indented; corselet rounded at-the edges, rather low, 
the fosse a deep rounded pit; corselet grooves tolerably distinct; cephalic suture sufficiently 
marked; color yellowish brown, with a gray median band, which is chiefly marked out by 
long gray bristles; gray hairs abundant over the surface, which is glossy. The caput is 
depressed, flattish upon the top, subtriangular at the base, wide, squarish at the face, colored 
as the cephalothorax, with yellowish longitudinal bands upon the sides. Sternum heart 
shaped, pointed at the apex, about one-fourth longer than broad, raised in the middle; 
sternal cones before coxa-III, and more rounded ones before coxse-I, Il; a decided cone 
opposite the lip; color ruddy brown, covered with golden yellow and long bristlelike hairs. 
Labium subtriangular; maxille gibbous, somewhat longer than wide; both these organs 
brown, with yellow tips, and the maxille with a few brownish spines and yellow bristles, 
Eyes: Ocular quad on a well rounded prominence, length not greater than width in 
front, the front decidedly wider than rear; MF on separate tubercles, larger than MR, sep- 
arated by at least 1.5 diameter; MR separated by not more than one diameter. Rear eyes 
on tubercles, not contingent; SF somewhat larger than SR; SF removed from MF by about 
1.3 their area, or at least twice or more their intervening space; SR from MR by 2.5 to 
three times the area of the latter. The height of clypeus about 1.5 to 2 diameters MI, 
with a row of strong yellowish bristles along the margin; the space between the eyes is 
also sparingly marked with shorter bristles; front row slightly recurved, rear row slightly 
procuryed. 
Leas; 1, 2, 4, 3, as follows: 23 (24.2), 22.5 (28.2), 21.5 (21.6), 14.75 (15.5) mm. Stout, 
thickly covered on all sides with long yellowish bristles and yellow spines, which are 
numerous along the metatarsus and tibia; these are particularly abundant underneath 
femora-II; color yellow, strongly annulated with brown at tips of joints and along femora 
underneath. Palps colored and armed as legs; mandibles strong, conical, brown, glossy, 
with yellowish tips and yellowish white bristles upon the inner sides. 
_  Axspomen: Triangular ovate, slightly longer than wide, highly arched on the dorsum 
from the cephalothorax, which it overhangs, to the distal spinnerets; basal front subtri- 
angular, high, marked at the summit by two large conical humps; color blackish brown, 
*I venture to propose for this group the subgeneric name ‘“ Burgessia,” in honor of the late Mr. 
Edward Burgess, of Boston, the editor of Professor Hentz’s “ Spiders of the United States,” who was favor- 
ably known as an entomologist, and later was an eminent designer of sailing yachts. 
* Epeira gemma, angulata, diademata, Nordmanni, cavatica, Silvatica. 
