THE PUPA OR CHRYSALIS. 109 



the form of the trunk or fore part of the body of 

 the Moth may be traced, is called glossotheca. At 

 each side of the glossotheca, the student will per- 

 ceive a series of radiated markings, forming, with the 

 outline against which they abut, a shape not unlike 

 that of a half-expanded fan, the narrow end or 

 handle of which is underneath the trunk, leaving 

 the radiations to spread upwards. These are the por- 

 tions of the general sheath which enclose the embryo 

 wings, the outline of which, as they exist in minia- 

 ture within the shell, is plainly indicated. These, 

 therefore, have been each termed a pterotheca, or 

 wing-case. If the student will take the trouble to 

 examine a chrysalis thus carefully, before placing it 

 in his Vivarium to await its change to the perfect 

 state, an intimacy with many delicately marked fea- 

 tures, that might easily have been passed by unob- 

 served, will have been so established as to give much 

 additional zest to the eventual disclosure of those 

 inner forms of which they indicate so beautifully 

 the leading characteristics. 



The chrysalis selected for the foregoing de- 

 scription of all its parts was that of an ordinary 

 Moth, the chrysalides of that division of the pup«3 

 oiLepidoptera being comparatively smooth, as shown 

 in the empty case, Plate IV. No. 2. Those of the 



