266 THE BUTTERFLY VIVARIUM. 



In the winter season Caterpillars may be found 

 hybernating under bark, among dead leaves, and in 

 other warm retreats, but they are not abundant. 



Chrysalides may be sought for at all seasons, 

 especially by careful digging at the roots of trees. 

 The bases of the Elm, Oak, Ash, Beech, and Willow 

 appear to be the most favoured retreats, as there is 

 seldom much found by digging about the Birch, 

 Maple, or Chestnut. Pieces of loose bark on old 

 stumps may be lifted up, and a perfect mine of 

 entomological wealth may sometimes come to hand 

 in that way. I recollect finding above sixty chry- 

 salides of the fine Red Underwing beneath a piece 

 of half-decayed Avillow bark, along with three or 

 four of the hairy Caterpillars of the Tiger-moth, 

 curled up in a dormant state for the winter months. 



Beetles may be sought at all times. Beneath a 

 piece of loose Avail-grown moss, under a great stone 

 that has lain long undisturbed, beneath a piece of 

 timber lying by the wayside, which, when rolled over, 

 will often disclose the retreats of many of our hand- 

 somest Beetles ; but if late in the season, the captor 

 must be very active, or the most coveted prizes will 

 escape. In the winter they are much more easily 

 secured. 



Some of the sea-shore Beetles are very pretty, 



