a Se a, ee. 
NEST MAKING: ITS ORIGIN AND USE. 315 
sewing together the leaves, after the nest site is selected and the prepara- 
tory stages wrought out, that one sees most evident marks of intention on 
the part of the architect. There can be no doubt that here is 
manifest the deliberate purpose to effectually enclose the dwelling 
and secure it from intrusion of enemies and inconvenience of 
weather changes. 
Design in 
Sewing. 
it, 
If now we come to compare the protective industry of Orbweavers with 
that of other tribes of spiders, even those which most widely differ from 
them in structure and 
general life habit, we 
shall find less essential 
difference than might 
have been an- 
Compar- ticipated. The 
ative ; 
Studies, @¢rminal form, 
or prevailing 
type of protective archi- 
tecture, for all tribes, is 
the tube or some modifi- 
cation thereof. The en- 
tire tribe of Tubitelaria, 
for example, domicile 
within tubes which do 
not differ in essential par- 
ticulars from that which 
is woven by the orbweavy- 
ing Furrow spider and 
others of kindred habit, Fic. 290. Upper figure: Turret spider’s tower built on a pebble founda- 
‘ tion. Lower figure: inside lining exposed by digging out the sand. 
or by Epeira thaddeus. 
Indeed, the open dome shaped tent of Epeira domiciliorum and other spi- 
ders is only a modification of the architectural type. The little tube of the 
Drassids (Fig. 292), and numerous species of Tubitelariz that construct kin- 
dred domiciles, scarcely differs in any regard from the tube of the Epeiroid 
Thaddeus and Furrow spiders. In the case of the Speckled Agalena, whose 
funnel shaped web is known to all familiars of our fields, the tubular part 
thereof is really the spider’s domicile, and the broad sheet outstretched 
upon leaves, grass, or surrounding surface of its site may be re- 
garded as a portion of the snare. The same spider protects her- 
self, as is the case with many Orbweavers, by a maze of straight 
lines spun above the separating sheet, and which also serves in part to 
sustain it, and acts besides as a snare to arrest prey. 
If, again, we take such an example as the Medicinal spider, Tegenaria 
Tube- 
weavers. 
