MATERNAL INDUSTRY : COCOONS OF ORBWEAVERS. 



103 



Fi<;.92. Section of Cau- 

 data's snare, showing 

 manner of suspend- 

 ing cocoons. (Nat^ 

 ural size.) 



lapping one another like tiles. Sometimes nodules of flossy silk, or of silk 

 mixed with the debris of captured and devoured insects, are irrej^ularly 

 interposed between the cocoons. This is, indeed, a fixed 

 and most interesting habit of the species, which will be 

 described in a succeeding cha])tor. 



During a temporary stay in Florida, April, 1886, I 

 found nested upon the porch of Dr. Wittfeld's place, 

 Fairyland, Merrit's Island, on the Indian River a little 

 way below Rockledge, a new spider, which I named Cyr- 

 toi)hora bifurca. Its snare resembles that of Cyclosa 

 caudata. It also resembles that spider in the manner of 

 hanging its cocoon string in the vertical axis of its orb 

 just above the hub. The character of the cocoon, how- 

 ever, differs entirely from that of Caudata. It is, in 

 shape, a somewhat irregular octagon, and is of a dark 

 green color. I have found as many as fourteen cocoons 

 in one string, overlapping one another in the manner of 

 cocoons of the Labyrinth spider, and wliicli may also be 

 seen at times witli the cocoons of Caudata, although for 



the most part, the latter are arranged at intervals 

 along the string. (See Figs. 96, 97.) 



The cocoon strings collected varied in the 

 number of cocoons attached thereto, probably ac- 

 cording to the period of advancement in the proc- 

 ess of ovipositing on the part of the mother. 

 Of the specimens collected one string contained 

 fourteen, another twelve, and another ten cocoons. 

 They are bound together, along one side, by con- 

 tinuous series of thick white threads, which ex- 

 tend from the top to the bottom of the string. 

 Each cocoon consists of two parts, which have 

 evidently been fastened together by a selvage. 

 These parts present the appearance of two dishes 

 placed together edge to edge. They are woven 

 of a soft, but ratlier tough, texture. A very slight 

 tuft of flossy white silk is found inside, and with- 

 in this the eggs are deposited. In one cocoon of 

 Fig. 93. Cocoon string of Caudata, .^ gtriug of thirteen, twcnty-five minutc dead spi- 



with silk nodules interposed. (Nat- .ii-iii lii-x^i 



ural size.) Fi.i. 94 (upper). Cocoons, dcrs wcrc couutcd, which had passcd their hrst 

 (Natural size.) Fi,i. g.'i (lower). En- ji^oult. In another cocoou, taken from a string 



larged. Fig. 98. Cocoon string of . 



Epeira bifurca, showing shape and of fivC Only, there were tWCUty-SlX. 1 liC UUm- 



superposition. (Natural size.) y^^^. ^,,^j,j^,g ,^ g^^^j ^y^^^, hoWCVCr. The COCOOllillg 



period appears to extend into May ; at least I have received from Miss 

 Anna Wittfeld, as late as the middle of June, a string, in which were 



