Jfew South Wales. 173 



13. T. BCandens, Schneider, i' I ?-^c,T ° I^3-»3mm. Somewhat spirally 

 curved ; cuticula with two thousand five hundred striae ; spear with three 

 bulbs at the base ; median bulb at one and eight-tenths per cent. ; porus 

 excretoriiis at three and one-tenth per cent. ; lateral fields one thirtieth as 

 wide as the body. 



T — j — J — ^ — yY^-3m«>. Straight ; spicula one-third as wide as long, shorter 

 than the anal diameter ; the accessory pieces one-third as long and much 

 more slender. (Syn., T. trilici, Bast., Aiiguillula tritici, Needh.) 



The young or larvoB, to the number of eight or ten, arc found in so-called 

 "gouty" wheat-grains. The portion of the grain usually occupied by 

 the embryo becomes in consequence powdery and incapable of germi- 

 nating. When the wheat is sown the larvic bore their way through the 

 weakened wall of the diseased grain and pass out into the soil, where they 

 attack and enter sprouting wheat grains. Here they remain for a time — 

 perhaps the whole winter through — without change. When the wheat 

 starts on its spring growth the larva5 make their way into the flower-bud, 

 become mature, copulate, and after producing a new clutch of egi,'s, die. 

 The eggs hatch, and the resulting larvas penetrate the new wheat-gi-ains, and 

 soon become their only contents, the above-mentioned powder excepted. 

 If infested wheat be stored, even for many years, the larva? still remain alive, 

 ready to make their way out of the grains whenever the wheat is sown. 

 The disease occurs in many parts of Euroj)e. 



Eemedy. — Inspect the grain, and reject all "gouty " seed-wheat. 



14. T. devastatrix, Kiihu. i— ?— w Z "■' '-''^ ■""<■ Marked with about 

 two hundred twenty transverse striae; the conoid neck terminates in a 

 truncate head devoid of lips and papilte ; spear-bulbed at the base ; 

 oesophagus one-sixth as wide as the neck ; median bulb small, the posterior 

 large ; porus excrelorius lying near the median bulb ; intestine terminating 

 in a rectum two-thirds as long as the anal diameter ; tail diminishing from 

 the vulva, convex-conoid behind the anus; vulva prominent; rudimentary 

 posterior branch of the sexual apparatus sac-like and extending half way to 

 the anus ; eggs twice as long as wide ; viviparous or ovi-viviparous. 



\- — f — 'ra — "5— si '->•'>'»■». Tail conoid, diminishing more rapidly near the 

 anus, sometimes constricted behind the middle, as is also that of the 

 female ; bursa commonly springing from near the anus, devoid oi ribs 

 somewhat variable; spicula cuneiform, slightly arcuate, less than half as 

 long as the anal diameter ; arcuate accessory" pieces one-third as long as 

 the spicula. (Syn., T. alUi, Beyerinck ; T. dipsaci, Kiihn ; T. Hyacinihi, 

 Prilleux ; T. Raversteinii, Kiihn.) 



Found in many parts of Europe. There is reason to believe that it exists 

 also in Australia. A most destructive parasite, attacking many varietiea of 

 cultivated plants. It sometimes sweeps off the onion crop in Belgium. It 

 attacks teasel, hyacinths, rye, oats, buck-wheat, potatoes, &c. It commonly 

 prefers the flower and fruit, but may attack any part of the ])lant. In 

 rye it causes " knots " or galls ; in potatoes it causes a disease similar in 

 appearance to the potato-rot due to Po-onospora infestans. 



Kemedy.— Difficult to deal with. Can be starved out by keeping the 

 laud free of vegetation of every description. It may probably be trapped 

 like T. Scliachiii, though I do not know' of any cases' in which it has been 



