172- ON ORISSA PROPER 



nuary. The land which grows it rarely yields any second crop. The 

 second in importance called the Beali is sown about the same time on 

 the higher lands, and the produce is obtained from the end of August till 

 the end of September. Afterwards a plentiful crop of the Bubbee grains 

 is derived from the same fields. There is another less abundant crop called 

 the Satkia put into the ground in August and September, and reaped in 

 November, and an inferior description of rice which is sown in low marshy 

 spots at the opening of the cold weather, and by frequent transplantation and 

 irrigation is rendered fit for cutting, in the following April. The cultivation 

 of the latter sort called Dalo, takes place chiefly in the Pergunnahs between 

 Khurdah, the Chilka Lake and the sea. 



In the Northern Pergunnahs the Sared rice cultivation js occasionally 

 but rarely diversified with a few patches of Sugar-cane, Tobacco, and Pal- 

 ma Christi, in spots suited to their production. In the Central and South- 

 ern parts however abundant crops of pulse, millet and vegetable oils are 

 raised during the cold weather, the chief of which are enumerated below** 

 Next to rice, the culture of the Arend or Palma Christi (Ricinus Commu- 

 nis) is perhaps the most abundant. The natives undoubtedly use the oil in 

 their common cookery, mixed with a small quantity of mustard seed oil, 

 which latter they prefer for burning as being the most economical. Cotton, 

 Sugar-cane, and Tobacco are every where common South of the Byterini 

 but it must be acknowledged that the produce is of a sorry description. 

 The richer natives will not condescend to use the Desi Tambaku and 

 the cotton formerly required for the manufacture of the finer fabrics was 

 nearly all imported from Berar. Good wheat and a small quantity of bar- 

 ley are grown in Pergunnahs Saibir and Asseresser. There is but little 



* Viz. Mung, or Phasmlus Mtmgo ; Mnsh Kal'ai, or Phaseolus Radiatus ; Chenna, or Lathyrus Aplia- 

 ca ; Khisari, or Lalhyvus Sativus ; Massur, or Cicer Lens; Arhe, or Cytisus ■ Cajan ; Kulthi, or Do li- 

 chos biftorus ; Berkudi, (Beri) Phaseolus max. Bhut, (Cicer Arictinum) ; Kangni, or Panicum Italicum; 

 Makuand Jcnar, Andropogon Sorgum. Bajra (Panicum Spicatum) ; Marua (Eleusina Corocana) ; Til 

 (or Sesataum Orientale) ; Sarisha or Sinapis Dichotoaia and Phesi (Linum usitatissimum). 



