S9R COURSE AND LEVELS 



As far as Chani, and even for some distance beyond it, the path had been 

 good, generally speaking- ; between it and Rogi, however, there are one or 

 two exceptions. The pass called Mailing Chi, in particular, is a very rug- 

 ged looking place, and the path leads along the face of a precipice at a 

 great height above the bed of the river. Several flights of steps, construct- 

 ed with loose stones and scaffoldings boarded, one of thirty feet in length, 

 render the place passable, which it otherwise would not be. From the 

 summit of this defile is seen a noble view, the principle feature of which is" 

 the Raldang Cluster of snowy peaks, which rise above Murang not above 

 ten miles distant. The Harang ridge, which we had crossed in the march 

 from Sangla to Mebar, was observed to be covered with snow to a consi- 

 derable depth below the pass over it. To the south we saw the inner ridge 

 of the Himalaya, in which are the Ganas, Bruang and Role passes. The 

 main ridge is certainly marked by the Raldang Cluster, and the Setlej may 

 be said to break through it at Murang or below. The latitude of Rogi is 

 31° 30' 13". The elevation 853 I feet. 



Rogi, I consider the southernmost village where the true costume of 

 Kanawer is to be observed ; even there the people are very inferior in all 

 that constitutes the peculiar appearance of the Kauaweris. They are much 

 darker, and not so good looking, and their language is sensibly mixed with 

 the mountain dialect of Hindustani. At Sungnam, Kanam and R^ba, the 

 features which distinguish them alike from Tartars and the mountaineers 

 south of the Himalaya are most strongly marked. Kanawer however as 

 a purgunnah extends much farther down the Setlej. Between Rogi and 

 Mem that river changes its course from a southerly to a westerly one ; at 

 the turn it receives the Baspa river, and above the confluence is the village 

 of Bru'a or Bruang, from which there is a route by the pass of the same name 

 over the snowy ridge into Chuara. 



From Mem to Spara Wodar, an open spot in the bed of the river where 

 we encamped, was a distance of nearly thirteen miles. AtChegaon, rather a 



