230 RAISED BEACHES, CLIFF AND RUBBLE HEADS. 



ciated largely with rock platforms, which appear to have been 

 formed by the beaches themselves. 



I now wish to show that the same conditions do not exist 

 for the higher levels. 



At the Miellette and Le Huray quarries the true rubble- 

 head is wanting, the patches of beach being found with only 

 a very recent covering of fine rubble, which seems to me to 

 be of a different character to the rubble-heads of lower levels. 

 At the Capelles there is no head, the beach being flat and 

 simply covered with blown sand and recent rubble. The 

 same facts apply to Noirmont and La Moye, where the cover- 

 ing seems to be of the nature of blown sand with admixtures 

 of loose rubble and soil of very recent deposition. 



At the Eouvets there is more appearance of a head, but 

 it does not satisfy me as being the equivalent of the cliff-heads, 

 and is certainly very different to the rubble-heads found along 

 the Perrelle coast just below. 



At all the low levels and at most of the high levels of the 

 low-lying part of the island the patches of beach are directly 

 associated with well preserved and recently exposed sea- 

 washed rocks. These have mostly been covered with sea 

 sand, which in former times covered the rocks and beaches 

 and turned them into high or low hougues. Man and time 

 have exposed the rocks and removed the sand, but enough 

 remains to show that around our north coasts many a secret 

 still remains buried. The sea-washed rock is found at all 

 levels up to 76 feet, as far as ascertained, probably may be 

 found to be of greater elevation when they have been studied. 



CLIFF AND RUBBLE-HEAD.* 



The formations which I designate "heads" are collections 

 of loose material consisting for the most part of rubble, loose 

 stones, gravelly earth, clay and sand. These rest on the rock 

 in most places, but with a distinct separation. Mere decom- 

 posed rock, or rubble in situ, which results from such 

 decomposed rock, I am not dealing with to-night. 



I will admit in starting that it is difficult to distinguish 

 between the upper part of true " heads " and the newer col- 

 lections. This indecision is, however, only possible with the 

 extremely recent upper layer of the "heads," and cannot in 

 any way affect an argument founded on the general conditions 

 found to exist in the " heads " proper. 



A general description of the cliff-heads is all that is 

 needed m this paper. I have carefully examined the cliffs 



* See page 127, Geological Report for 1891. 



