duction in the Lake States was in 1890, when the output was over 8 J 

 billion feet. With few exceptions the decrease has been steady since 

 that time. The cut in 1907 was 2| billion feet in the Lake States and 

 4,192,708,000 feet in all States, which included a small quantity 

 of western white pine in Idaho, Montana, and Washington. 



HEMLOCK. 



It is very difficult to approach a correct estimate of the total stand 

 of hemlock, because it grows so largely in mixture with other woods. 

 An estimate of 100 billion feet of western hemlock and 75 billion feet 

 of eastern hemlock seems to be reasonable. The annual cut at present 

 is more than 3 J billion feet, chiefly from the eastern and northern 

 States. Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, and Michigan supply more than 

 two-thirds of the total. Western hemlock, principally in Washington 

 and Oregon, contributes about 75 million feet. 



SPRUCE. 



The total spruce stumpage may be estimated at 50 billion feet in 

 the East and North and 60 billion feet in the Kocky Mountain and 

 Pacific regions. Several species of spruce enter into this estimate, of 

 course. The output of spruce lumber has been slowly increasing for 

 some time, and it is now about If billion feet yearly. Maine has 

 always been far in the lead as a spruce-producing State, and more 

 than 30 per cent of the spruce lumber is cut there. About one-sixth 

 of the total cut is now supplied by the Rocky Mountain and Pacific 

 Coast States, of which Washington furnishes much the larger 

 proportion. 



WESTERN PINE. 



The total stand of western pine, including under this designation 

 western yellow pine and lodgepole pine, may be estimated at 365 

 billion feet. Western yellow pine occurs throughout the Rockies and 

 reaches its best development in California. The stumpage is about 

 275 billion feet. Lodgepole pine is most abundant in Colorado, 

 Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho, with an estimated stumpage of 90 

 billion feet. The cut of western pine lumber is steadily increasing, 

 and is now about 1^ billion feet annually. More than one-fourth of 

 it is supplied by California and about one-sixth each by Idaho and 

 Washington. 



CYPRESS. 



Much of the cypress is in Louisiana, though there are considerable 

 quantities in Florida, Mississippi, Arkansas, and other Southern 

 States. A very liberal estimate of cypress stumpage is 20 billion 

 85874— Cir. 166—09 2 



