LOG SCALING. of 
larly where the quality of logs is extremely poor. For example, 
the disease of cypress called ‘‘peckiness” is so difficult to discover 
from external signs that a general reduction for safety is necessary. 
The growth of the pulp industry in Maine has introduced a new 
factor in the scaling of spruce. Inasmuch as the whole log is 
| used in making pulp, a solid measure is more appropriate than 
board measure. For this reason many operators use the Blodgett 
Rule. This requires the measurement of the middle diameter of 
the log instead of the end diameter. The measurement is taken 
| with calipers. The length of the log is measured and the middle 
| point located by a wheel. The diameter is taken outside the 
bark, the calipers being constructed to allow for an average 
| bark width. The contents of the log are read directly from the 
| beam of the caliper. A deduction for defects is made, as with the 
Maine Rule. 
In scaling long logs by the Doyle Rule the diameter is measured 
_ at the middle or the two ends are averaged. Better results are ob- 
| tained if long logs are measured in short lengths and the diameters 
| taken at the points where the cuts would be made. 
| The scaling of long logs on the end diameter by the present log 
| rules, making no allowance for the increase in size, or ‘‘rise,’”’ is 
one of the greatest evils of these board-foot rules. For example, 
an average 36-foot spruce log with a top diameter of 12 inches will 
scale 178 board feet by the Scribner Rule. This same log, if rise 
were allowed for or if cut into three 12-foot logs with diameters 
of probably 12, 14, and 16 inches, would scale 59+86+119 board 
feet, or a total of 264 board feet—an increase over the scale of the 
single log of 86 board feet, or almost 50 per cent. This same log, 
| if scaled entire by the Doyle-Scribner Rule, would give 144 board 
| feet. Scaled as three 12-foot logs it would scale 48+75+108, or 
| 231 board feet, an increase of 87 board feet, or over 60 per cent. 
| When it is remembered that the saw cut overruns the scale in 
_ sound logs, the unjust result of scaling long logs without allowing 
for ‘‘rise” or swell is further accentuated. Long logs with small 
) top diameters of course fare worst in this respect. A mill test on 
' 184 30-foot sound longleaf pine logs, from 6 to 11? inches in 
diameter outside the bark at the small end, conducted under 
) strict court supervision in a case in Texas, showed a mill run 
with a band saw of 65 per cent in the 1]-inch logs, and as high as 
