TIMBER ESTIMATING. 63 
The figures are tabulated in a form similar to this: 
Volume Table by Diameters and Number of Logs. 
LENGTH OF STANDARD Loa, FEET. 
[Based on the measurement of trees. ] 
Diameter | One and | Two and 
breast- ae | one-half eee | one-half 
high. log trees. | log trees. 
Inches. Board feet. | Board feet. | Board feet. | Board feet. 
| 
| 
| 
| 
The great objection to this method is that trees are not always 
cut into logs of the same length. Only seldom, even with very 
tall trees, are all logs of equal length. A tall white pine may, for 
example, yield three 16-foot logs and one 12-foot log. If the 
volume tables are based on 16-foot logs, an inaccurate estimate 
would result if this were classed as a four-log tree, though this 
objection is largely obviated by the inclusion of half logs. 
VOLUME TABLES BY DIAMETER AND TREE CLASSES. 
Tables for trees of different diameters and classes are designed 
for use in very irregular forests where the trees have grown under 
varying conditions of density and form of the stand. Such tables 
are useful particularly in estimating cord wood in second growth 
hardwood forests. Volume tables based on diameter alone are not 
accurate for cord-wood work, while those which give separately the 
volume of the trees with large crowns, those with medium crowns, 
and with small, give very good results. 
VOLUME TABLES BY DIAMETER AND HEIGHT. 
The most accurate volume tables are usually considered to be 
those calculated according to diameters and heights. The Euro- 
pean volume tables are based on this principle and are used with 
satisfactory results, even where considerable accuracy is required. 
