142 
Hagen, Mr., Saint Louis, Zinc-gypsum Process of \ 
preserving wood, 87. 
Hannibal and Saint Joseph Railroad Company, 
opinion of, as to effect of fire on tree planting 
along lines, 29. 
Hartig, Professor, experiments by, on timber, to 
prevent dry-rot, 37. 
Heart- wood : 
Chestnut, change of sap-wood to, 41. 
White Oak, change of sapwood to, 37. 
Hemlock : 
Chemical analysis of, 53. 
Durability of, 49. 
First cost of, untreated, 94. 
Fungi growing on, 50. 
Geographical distribution of, 48. 
Resistance of, to longitudinal indentation, 53, 
54. 
Specific gravity of, 53. 
Structure of, 43. 
Ties, Burnettized, durability of, 50,82. 
Ties, charring of, 50. 
Ties, cost of Xyanizing, 50. 
Ties, creosoted, 78. 
Ties, Kyanized, durability of, 50. 
Ties, preserving, 50. 
Ties, treated, durability of, 98. 
Weight of, per cubic foot, 53. 
Treated, estimates on the economy of using, 
92. 
Holland, number of miles of track laid with metal 
ties in, 110. 
Hough, F. B., on use of Burnettized timber, 33. 
Hunnewell, H. H., example of in timber culture, 
23. 
Hlinois Central Railroad Company, experience 
of, in planting Larch in Illinois, 26. 
Impregnated ties, number of, used by German 
roads, 97. 
Timber, increased bending strength in, 104. 
Impregnating Long-leaved Pine timber, difficulty 
of, 46. 
Process employed for Chestnut, 42. 
Process employed for Hemlock, 50. 
Process employed for Long-leaved Pine, 48. 
Process employed for White Oak, 39. 
Tamarack with sulphate of iron, 51. 
Timber, antiseptics used for, 76. 
Timber, methods of, 68, 72. 
Wood by Boucherie process, 68, 69. 
Wood by steeping, 68. 
Increase : 
In price of ties, necessitating use of preserv- 
ing processes, 16. 
In price of ties, (Redwood), necessity of. (foot 
note), 16. 
Of annual demand for timber by Railroad 
Companies, 16. 
Of bending strength in timber by creosoting, 
104. 
Of hardness in Chestnut wood by use of Cor- 
rosive Sublimate, 42. 
Of interest in timber culture to be effected by 
Railroad Companies. 25. 
Of lasting qualities in Hemlock by Creosoting, 
50. 
Increase — Continued. 
Of life in ties by impregnation. 2±. 
Of mileage in Railroads, 12, 13. 
Of Railroads, 11, 12, 13. 
Of timber by culture, necessity of, 22. 
Indentation, resistance to, by various woods, 53, 54. 
Increase of resistance to, by creosoting, 104. 
India, metal ties used in, 110. 
Indian State Railway, pattern of steel tie used 
on, 111. . 
International Railway Tie Company (Boston), 
Cost and weight of steel ties manufactured 
by, 127. 
Iron, sulphate and acetate of, for impregnating 
Tamarack, 51. 
Jointed or Compound Ties, 125. 
Kansas, plantations of Catalpain, 23, 26. 
Rnapp, " Tecknolog\V note from, on Composition 
of wood, 67. 
Kyanizing, 78. 
Advantages of preserving timber by, for cer- 
tain purposes, 95. 
Cost of preserving timber by, 89, 91, 95. 
Hemlock ties, cost of, 50. 
Land-grant Roads : 
Conditions under which established, 12. 
First, when established, in what States, 13. 
Total number acres of land received from 
Government by, 13. 
Larch, Western : 
Chemical analysis of, 53. 
Resistance of, to longitudinal indentation, 53, 
54. 
Size of wood fibers, 52. 
Specific gravity of, 53. 
Structure of, 52. 
Weight of wood per cubic foot, 53. 
Lauder, J. U., Smoke-consuming Devices for Loco 
motives, 132. 
Laws in regard to fires occasioned by locomotives, 
130. 
In Colorado, 131. 
In Connecticut, 131. 
In Illinois, 131. 
In Maine, 131. 
In Massachusetts, 131. 
In Maryland, 131. 
In Michigan, 131. 
In Xew Hampshire, 131. 
In Xew Jersey, 132. 
In Vermont, 131. 
Lehman, Dr., experiments on timber by, to pre- 
vent dry-rot, 37. 
Life of wooden ties, (see various woods used for 
ties) : 
Metal ties, 119. 
Locomotives : 
Laws in various States regarding fires caused 
by, 130. 
Number of forest fires caused by, 129. 
Smoke-consuming devices for (J . If, Lauder), 
132. 
