62 THE CONDOR Vol. XXIII 
sun was descending behind the shoulder of the mountain. The most common note was a 
loud pip pip that in pitch, cadence, and insistence reminded one of the cali of some 
young bird, while another more musical call sometimes given while flying was pray teer 
varied occasionally to whit pray teer. 
11. Myiochanes richardsoni richardsoni (Swainson). Western Wood Pewee. 
Common. 
12. Empidonax difficilis difficilis Baird. Western Flycatcher. One was seen 
July 7 in the gulch south of town at an altitude of about 7500 feet. 
13. Cyanocitta stelleri diademata (Bonaparte). Long-crested Jay. This species 
was common in areas where there were coniferous growths. By July 9 I noted that the 
young were fully grown. 
14. Sturnella neglecta Audubon. Western Meadowlark. The Western Meadow- 
lark was fairly common in the open country north of Williams. This species was not 
noted here in 1907 and so may have come in with increased cultivation of the land as 
has happened elsewhere in the west. Search was made for Sturnella magna hoopesi, 
the only meadowlark present here in 1907, but none could be found. This brings up an 
interesting question as to the possibility of this form having been replaced by the 
Western Meadowlark through a change in ecological conditions. In this connection I 
may add that specimens collected here in 1907 leave no doubt as to the former presence 
of the Texas Meadowlark. 
15. Passer domesticus (Linnaeus). English Sparrow. Since its arrival in 1907 
(as noted in my previous account, p. 383) this species has increased until it is fairly 
common about the streets of Williams. 
16. Carpodacus mexicanus frontalis (Say). House Finch. Individuals were seen 
about the Camp Clover Ranger Station, west of Williams, on July 13, and near a ranch 
south of Williams on July 14. 
17. Loxia curvirostra stricklandi Ridgway. Mexican Crossbill. Crossbills were 
observed at about 8000 feet on Bill Williams Mountain on July 7, and one was seen 
among the broken hills south of town on July 11. 
18. Astragalinus psaitria hesperophilus Oberholser. Green-backed Goldfinch. 
Fairly common in open localities near Williams and breeding in the shade trees in 
town. On July 9 two pairs were feeding on the seeds of a composite (Hymenopappus 
scaposus) on a rocky hillside near the dam above town. The birds flew to perches on 
stones, climbed onto the plant stems, which were from six to ten inches tall, and then 
sidled out quickly along them as they slowly bent toward the ground. When the seed 
head was reached it was torn open without hesitation and the birds began at once to eat. 
19. Chondestes grammacus strigatus Swainson. Western Lark Sparrow. These 
sparrows were fairly common in open country west and south of town. Recorded on 
July 10, 18 and 14. 
20. Spizella passerina arizonae Coues. Western Chipping Sparrow. Common. 
21. Junco phaeonotus dorsalis Henry. Red-backed Junco. This Junco bred in 
small numbers on the slopes of Bill Williams Mountain and in the broken region at its 
eastern base. A breeding female was collected July 7. On July 11 a pair were much 
excited by “squeaking”’. 
22. Pipilo maculatus montanus Swarth. Spurred Towhee. This species was 
fairly common among the broken hills covered with scrub oaks. A breeding female was 
taken on July 11. 
23. Zamelodia melanocephala (Swainson). Black-p2aded Grosbeak. This Gros- 
keak was common on the lower slopes of Bill Williams Mountain. Males were still 
singing and were heard calling and scolding at intervals. On July 7, at an altitude of 
about 7800 feet I found a nest resting on a horizontal limb against the trunk of a slen- 
der oak, about five feet from the ground. The male was on the nest brooding four 
young from four to six days old. These young had down of a dull white color on the 
head and back. The open mouth was outlined in bright yellow. The nest was composed 
of grass and weed stems and was rather flat though the cup was deep enough to con- 
tain the young readily. 
24. Piranga ludoviciana (Wilson). Western Tanager. The Western Tanager 
was common on the slopes of Bill Williams Mountain and about its base and was breed- 
ing. Males were heard singing from the tops of the yellow pines and though not wild 
