108 THE CONDOR . Vol. XXIV 
They did not manifest any more, if as much, fear as biddy with her chicks might 
have shown. 
In the autumn when the birds begin to molt they frequent more the open 
tundra than the stream beds. The color of the tundra at this time is perfect for 
the protection of the birds. The first white feathers of the Willow Ptarmigan 
Fig. 32. TUNDRA BACK OF NOME, ALASKA, THE LAST OF AUGUST. THE WHITE COTTON-GRASS 
AIDS IN THE PROTECTIVE COLORATION OF THE FALL MOLT OF THE WILLOW PTARMIGAN, 
appear about the head. At this season the tawny, tundra grass (Eriophorum 
polystachyum) is bearing its white, cottony plumes. So, while it is still warm 
and sunny, and there is yet no hint of snow, the Willow Ptarmigan may begin 
to change his coat in perfect safety. 
Pullman, Washington, April 22, 1922. 
