182 THE CONDOR Vol. XXII 
Picoides arcticus. Arctic Three-toed Woodpecker. A specimen was taken by H. 
J. Christoffers about eight miles east of Fairbanks, September 18, 1911. 
Picoides americanus fasciatus. Alaskan Three-toed Woodpecker. A common 
resident in white spruce forests near Tanana, Fairbanks, and at the head of the North 
Fork of the Kuskokwim. A few were noted in burned black spruce. Specimens were 
preserved from the latter locality and from the Cosna River. An old bird accompanied 
by one young was seen July 4, 1912, at the junction of the McKinley Fork with the 
North Fork. The two were on a spruce tree, and the parent was busily digging out 
morsels which were promptly fed to the young. A young bird was shot near Akiak, 
August 13. Many insects and cocoons are hidden in winter under the bark of the spruce 
trees, and these furnish food for this hardy bird. A clear call chee-r-rp was noted in 
November. 
Colaptes auratus borealis. Boreal Flicker. Several were seen in white spruces 
along a slough near Fairbanks August 7, 1911. For the use of the name Colaptes a. 
borealis see Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 24, 1911, p. 31. 
Nuttallornis borealis. Olive-sided Flycatcher. A number were observed during 
May and June, 1912, in the tops of the highest white spruce trees along the North Fork 
of the Kuskokwim near its head. The tops of dead trees in the burned forest were pre- 
ferred. They were first noted May 16. One specimen was taken. 
Otocoris alpestris arcticola. Pallid Horned Lark. A few were seen June 4-5, 
1912, about rocks and on the ground of the wind-swept ridges of Mount Sischu at about 
3000 feet elevation. One specimen was secured. 
Pica pica hudsonia. Magpie. At McGrath the wings and tail of a Magpie were 
seen nailed to the wall of a cabin. This bird had been killed by Mr. Bert Bldridge, a 
trapper, at the head of Big River. 
Perisoreus canadensis fumifrons. Alaskan Jay. Common in white spruce—paper | 
birch forest, in black spruce forest, in burned timber, and in lowland willows. along the 
streams. In winter they also frequent the neighborhood of cabins and camps. Speci- 
mens were taken at Tanana and at the head of the North Fork of the Kuskokwim; and 
by H. J. Christoffers at Fairbanks. They were common at these places and were noted 
also along the Cosna River, at the junction of the McKinley Fork with the North Fork 
of the Kuskokwim, on the hills near Takotna at timber-line, and on the Kuskokwim- 
Yukon portage. 
These birds are a great nuisance to trappers as they steal the bait and spring the 
traps set for fur animals. Exposed caches of food are likely to be carried away piece- 
meal by them. In several instances these jays were seen to attack hawks and hawk 
owls. 
During the latter part of the time of nesting until the young are able to fly, from 
about April 1 to June 1, these jays keep almost entirely away from the vicinity of camps 
and cabins. Parents and blackish young in family groups were first seen at the head 
of the North Fork of the Kuskokwim on May 1, 1912. About June 1 they began to 
appear quite often about the cabin, but they never became so numerous nor so bold as 
they were during the winter. 
Corvus corax principalis. Northern Raven. Common resident. They occur reg- 
ularly in the white spruce and paper birch forest along the streams and also range out 
over the barren hills. At Tanana numbers feed in winter on the garbage thrown out 
on the ice of the Yukon. February 19, 1912, several were seen along the Cosna River. 
April 12 and 14, ravens were observed carrying sticks, apparently for nests, in black 
spruce forest on the Cosna River and near the head of the North Fork of the Kuskok- 
wim. May 8 a raven was seen flying over Lake Minchumina. One was noted July 4 at 
the junction of the McKinley Fork with the North Fork, and three were seen above 
the East Fork on July 7. Near Akiak several were seen August 18, and at Andreafski 
several more on September 18. One specimen was preserved from Tanana. 
Euphagus carolinus. Rusty Blackbird. A few were noted August 17, 1911, at the 
edge of a slough near Fairbanks. They were numerous in May and June, 1912, about 
marshes and on the shores of lakes at the head of the North Fork of the Kuskokwim. 
One specimen was taken. In 1912 they were first noted May 8 at Lake Minchumina. 
Several were found at the junction of the McKinley Fork with the North Fork, July 2. 
In the swamps below Kaltshak they were common on August 15. 
