AND. ITS FOUNDER. 369 



summary manner, by his own father, found it necessary to temporize ; but 

 no sooner had he recovered from the wound, which he had received, than 

 he broke the promise which had been exadled from him, and abandoning; 

 Cdniguram, his native country, retired to the region of J^irtgarhdr, where 

 he took up his residence in the house of the chief,. Sultan ;Ah'med, in. the: 

 distrid belonging to the Afghans of the tribes of. Mohmand and Khugi- 

 ani. 



Ningarha'r is the name of an extensive tra6l of country in Afghd- 

 nistaUy which is watered by nine mountain streams, which fall into the 

 tiver o^ Jeldldbad. The name is by some alledged to be a corruption 

 of the term nek-anhdr, the pure streams ; by others it Is reckoned a 

 corruption of now nehdry the nine streams. The country of Niftgidrhdr 

 is irregular and uneven of surface, though it has not any very high 

 mountains. It is about 90 miles in length from East to West, extending 

 from Batiko't to Surkkdb, In breadth it extends from Caggafi or Cajjah, 

 to the river of Lughmdn, a distance of nearly 30 miless The inhabitants 

 are chiefly Afghans and Tdjics. The antient capital of this country was 

 Adinahpur; but as that city was of difficult acces&and.situated at a dis- 

 tance from the chief river, the town of Jeldldbad wzs founded, on the 

 great route from Kandahar to Cabul and Paishawer, The Afghans 

 who occupy JSTingarhdr, are chiefly of the tribes of Mohmand, Khitgmm, 

 and Waragzei. Of these the tribe of Mohmand, which is divided into 

 two branches, the Jarakzci and the Bde'zei, are the most numerous 

 and powerful. Of this tribe. Sultan Ahmed, the prote6lor of Ba'yezid, 

 appears to have been the chief; and he was highly pleased with the 

 learning and abilities of the fugitive. As the Afghdns have always been 

 more addidled to martial exercises and rapine, than to either learning or 



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