670 
on electric transmission of power, in astronomy, 
Bouquet de la Grye, de Bernardieres, Courcelle- 
Seneuil, Fleuriais, Hatt, Perrotin, Bassot, Bigour- 
dan, and Callandreau, for their observations of the 
transit of Venus in 1882; Stephan, the Vally prize; 
in physics, Henri Becquerel; in chemistry, Etard 
and L. Cailletet, for his researches on the liquefac- 
of gases; in geology, Fontannes for his work on the 
basin of the Rhone, and Péron for his account of 
the geology of Algeria; in botany, Joanues Chatin 
for his studies of trichina, and G. Bonnier, L. Man- 
gin, Klein, Ch. Maguier, Costantin; in physiology, 
Paul Regnard, and Balbiani; in aeronautics, Gaston 
Tissandier, Duroy de Bruignac, and V. ‘Tatin. 
— The following resolutions were passed at the 
Ornithological congress of Vienna: 1°. The chase, 
capture, and trade of birds of passage and their eggs 
should be forbidden during the second half of the 
winter and in the spring ; 2°. All wholesale capture 
of birds of passage, and trade in them, should be for- 
bidden, except during the hunting-season. 
Dr. Karl Russ of Berlin received the highest honor 
diploma of the congress, for his works on bird-keep- 
ing, canaries, parrots, and his journal called the 
Feathered world. 
— Parts xxvi. and xxvii. of Butschli’s ‘ Protozoa’ 
have just appeared, and nearly complete the Flagel- 
lata. Kent's unsatisfactory classification is set aside 
for a new and more scientific system. Nearly two 
hundred species are known, divided into a hundred 
and ten genera. Biitschli reduces the number of gen- 
era, which might otherwise soon exceed the species, 
and establishes the following sub-orders : Monadina, 
Englenoidina, Heteromastigoda, and Isomastigoda. 
Although the work was originally planned to be com- 
plete in fifteen parts, and twenty-seven have already 
appeared, the Infusoria, and the general chapter on 
the Protozoa, are still to come. 
— The Iilustrirte zeitung states that the reeommen- 
dations of the German cholera commission are being 
put in force at Hyderabad, especially with reference 
to the water-supply; the reform being hastened by 
the young Nizam having an attack of cholera. 
— The death of Dr. Paul Pogge, the celebrated Af- 
rican traveller, is a loss to the German-African explo- 
ration society. He started from Loanda with Lieut. 
Wissmann; from Nyangure, on the Kongo, he re- 
turned, sending his companion to Zanzibar; from 
Loanda he meant to start on fresh explorations, but 
died. 
— The last (fifth) report of the Archaeological in- 
stitute of America is principally occupied with an 
account of the explorations, carried on for the society 
last year by Mr. Bandelier, in New Mexico and Ari- 
zona. An excellent map illustrates his various routes; 
and, in an extended report, he gives the conclusions 
he has drawn mainly from his architectural studies, 
of the different ruins investigated. He finds a well- 
defined system of growth from the temporary Indian 
lodge, to the many-storied pueblo building, which 
clearly does not owe its origin to any external influ- 
SCIENCE. 
[Vou.. IIL, No. 69. 
ence. Mr. Bandelier is now in the mountains of 
northern Mexico, seeking for traces of any possible 
connection between the ancient Pueblos and the © 
Aztecs; and it is announced that the report of his 
important studies in Mexico, in 1881, at Cholula and 
at Mitla, is nearly ready for publication. 
Of the work in classical archeology, carried on by 
the institute, an account is given of the conclusion 
of the explorations at Assos, in Asia Minor, owing to 
the expiration of the three years’ firman granted for 
that purpose. The main efforts of the past year have 
been expended upon the Agora and the Necropolis. 
A fair division of the objects discovered was arranged 
with the agent of the Turkish government; and two 
fine bas-reliefs from the temple of Athena, the human- 
legged centaurs and the heraldic sphinxes, have been 
received by the Museum of fine arts in Boston. Mr. 
Clarke is now in London, preparing a complete report 
of the explorations. The total cost of this expedition, 
so important for the knowledge of classical antiquity, 
and so honorable to American scholarship, has been 
a little more than nineteen thousand dollars. Ap- 
pended is the third annual report of the committee on 
the American school of classical studies at Athens. 
— Ostrich-farming is a new business, unknown till 
the English colonies of South Africa realized such 
wonderful results. We have already given some sta- 
tistics of their enormous increase. The ostrich lays 
a minimum of forty, a maximum of sixty, eggs in 
a season, weighing about three pounds each, and 
which are laid in the sand, and left to hatch in the hot 
regions; but in cooler regions the male and female 
birds sit on the nest by turns, defending it with great 
courage. Forty days is the time for incubation. 
Since the importation of domestic ostriches into the 
United States, the South African farmers have become 
fearful of losing their great profits in case of a suc- 
cessful competition springing up. 
— The Academy announces the death of Sefior Don 
Eulogio Jimenez of the observatory at Madrid, one 
of the first mathematicians of Spain, and author of 
‘La teoria de los numeros’ and many educational 
works on mathematics, both original and translated. 
—A coal-steamer, the Loch Garry, has left St. 
John’s with five hundred tons of coal for the Greely 
search party, and materials for a house; these supplies 
to be landed on Littleton Island. The Bear got away 
from St. John’s before any of the whaling-fleet, except 
the Norwhal, a slow vessel. The Thetis will convoy 
the coal-steamer as far as possible; and, in case of 
separation, they are to meet at Disco. 
_ — The French association for the advancement of 
science will hold its thirtieth meeting in the town 
of Blois, from Sept. 4 to 11. 
— The Franklin institute wishes to make a loan- 
collection of pieces of electrical apparatus of historic 
interest, one feature of the approaching electrical 
exhibition, and has issued a call to those having such 
pieces to send them to Philadelphia, where the proper 
care is guaranteed. Edwin J. Houston is the chair- 
man of the committee on the historical electrical 
apparatus. 
