JUNE 13, 1884.] 
many that crowded around the raft spoke only 
of tea and tobacco. Their principal diet, I 
understand, is moose, caribou, and salmon. 
Their village is a semi-permanent but squalid- 
looking affair,—somewhat like those of the 
Ayans, but with a greater predominance of 
canvas. 
Starting at 8.10 a.m., next morning, from 
camp 33, at 11.30 we passed a good-sized 
river coming in from the west, which I named 
the Cone-Hill River, from the fact that there 
is a conspicuous conical hill in its valley, near 
the mouth. Just beyond the mouth of the 
Cone-Hill River we saw three or four bears, 
both black and brown, in an open or untimbered 
space on the steep hillsides of the western 
bank. We gave them a volley, with no effect 
except to send them scampering up 
the hill into the 
SCIENCE. 
709 
identify any of the smaller streams clearly 
from the descriptions and maps now in exist- 
ence, and aided by the imperfect information 
gained from the local native tribes. Between 
2.30 P.M. and 3 p.m. we floated past a remark- 
able-looking rock, standing conspicuously in a 
flat, level bottom of the river, and very promi- 
nent in its isolation.1 It very much resem- 
bled Castle Rock on the Columbia, but is only 
about half its size. Dark, lowering clouds still 
obscured the tops of the river-hills. At half- 
past twelve we came upon an Indian village of 
a permanent character, of some six houses, on 
the western bank of the river, which is generally 
called Johnny’s village, the Indian name being 
Klat-ol-klin. 
It numbered from seventy-five 
Fie. 183.— INDIAN VILLAGE OF KLAT- 
OL-KLIN, OR JOHNNY’S VILLAGE. 
brush. I was told by a person in 
southern Alaska, undoubtedly conscientious in 
his statement, and having considerable expe- 
rience, that the brown and black bear of his 
district never occupied the same localities, and 
although these localities might be promiscu- 
ously mixed, like the spots on a checker-board, 
yet each species of them remained rigidly 
on his own color, so to speak; and this led 
him to believe that the weaker of the two, the 
black bear, had good reasons to be afraid of 
his more powerful kind. This day’s experience 
of the two kinds together, in one very small 
area, shows either an error of judgment of the 
observer mentioned, or a peculiarity of temper 
in the animals we saw. My authority spoke 
also of the manner in which the Indians per- 
persistently avoided the haunts of the brown 
bear, and this terror of that animal I found to 
exist as far as my travels extended. 
After leaving the Stewart River, which had 
been identified by a sort of reductio ad absurdum 
reasoning, I found it absolutely impossible to 
to a hundred souls; and 
on the gravel-beach in 
front of the row of houses 
were probably from one-fourth to one-third as 
many canoes of the birch-bark variety, but 
larger and clumsier in construction than those 
of the Ayans. A number of long leaning poles, 
braced on their down-hill ends by cross uprights, 
were also seen ; and these serve as scaffoldings 
for drying salmon, and to keep them from the 
many dogs while going through this process. 
While taking a photograph, two or three salmon 
fell from the poles ; and in a twinkling, I think 
fully sixty or seventy dogs were in a writhing 
mass over them, each one trying to get his share. 
These dogs were of a smaller breed, and notice- 
ably of a darker color, than the Eskimo dogs of 
the lower river. They subserve these Indians 
the same purpose. The body of the houses is 
of avery inferior quality of log construction, 
in which ventilation seems to be the predomi- 
nating idea (although even then not to a suf- 
ficient degree, as judged by one’s nose upon 
1 Called the Roquette Rock, after M. Alex. de la Roquette 
of Paris, France. 
