CURRIE BROTHERS COMPANY, MILWAUKEE, WIS. 



HOT-BEDS AND COLD FRAMES 



CONSTRUCTION AND MANAGEMENT 



HOT-BED 



HIS should be made in the early spring — from the end ot February to the middle of March is a good time to start f 

 Secure fresh horse-manure a week or ten days previous to getting beds started and place same in heaps in the - 

 garden, turning it over two or three times during tliis period, breaking all lumps to prevent "burning.'" Manure 

 containing straw is preferable. In preparing the bed a space of a foot larger than the dimension of the frame 

 should be cleared and the bed should be carefully and compactly built up on this space to a depth of IS inches to 

 2 feet. The higher and greater the body of consequent heating material, the longer will be the life of the bed. It 

 must be firmly packed, should it appear dry a little moistening will help to pack it properly. This completed, you 

 may add from four to si.K inches of soil and the seeding may then take place. 



MANAGEMENT OF THE HOT-BED 



One of the main things to be careful of, in the management of the beds, is the proper ventilation. There are more failures 

 through careless ventilation than from any other cause. It must be remembered that ventilation is not only needed to give 

 the plants fresh air, but to allow the hot air and the moisture to escape, and so reduce the temperature. Air should be given . 

 whenever weather permits. To do this, place a small piece of wood under the sash at the top or back — not at the front, because f, 

 it will cause a draught which would check the growth of the plants and cause a great number to "damp off." During cold 

 nights cover the sash with burlaps or straw to prevent the temperature from going too low. As the weather moderates, ven- A 

 tilation may be increased gradually until the sash may be left off entirely. Keep sash handy in case of sudden cold spells ' 

 or heavy rains, so that the bed may be covered instantly. AH watering should be done in the morning, preferably a little 1 

 warm, so that the plants will be thoroughly dry before night when lowering the glass; for this, in cold nights, very often ' 

 causes "damping off." 



USE OF THE HOT-BED 



A hot-bed is most useful for raising early vegetables and flowers that must be started early to insure a bloom for tht- 

 same season. Cabbage, cauliflower, celery, tomatoes, leek, should be started in this manner. Early beets and onions may be 

 had, if space permits, but these two are not altogether necessarily treated this way. After the early crops are off, cucumbers, 

 melons or any other crop which delights in a ricli, deep and well drained soil, will repay you for the little trouble it has 

 given you. 



I 



COLD FRAMES 



The frame construction is the same as that of the hot-bed, but no manure is used, depending entirely on the sun for its 

 heat. They are used chiefly as a protection for tender plants. Perennials that were sown late in the summer very often are 

 too small to chance their -n-inter endurance and may be placed into a frame and will get started earlier in the spring so a.- 

 to reach their maturity at the proper time. They are also useful for hardening off young plants before putting in the open; 

 or for sowing a batch of second early cabbage, etc. Uniform temperature must be maintained same as hot-bed. 



QUANTITY OF SEED REQUIRED 



GARDEN 



Asparagus 1 oz. to 



Beans, Dwarf, in drills 1 lb. to 



Beans, Pole, in hills 1 lb. to 



Beet, Garden 1 oz. to 



Cabbage, for transplanting...! oz. to 

 Cauliflower for transplanting.! oz. to 



Carrot ! oz. to 



Celery, for transplanting 1 oz. to 



Corn, Sweet 1 lb. to 



Chicory 1 oz, to 



Cress, Garden 1 oz. to 



Cucumber, in hills ! oz. to 



Endive 1 oz. to 



Leek 1 oz. to 



Lettuce 1 oz. to 



Melon, Musk, in hills ! oz. to 



Melon, 'W'ater, in hills ! oz. to 



Mushroom Spawn ! brick 



Onion, in drills ! oz. to 



Onion Sets, for planting ! lb. to 



Parsley ! oz. to 



Parsnip 1 oz. to 



Peas in drills 1 lb. to 



Pepper ! oz. to 



Pumpkin 1 oz. to 



Radish ! oz. to 



Salsify 1 oz. to 



Spinach ! oz. to 



Squash, bush, in hills 1 oz. to 



Squash, vine, In hills ! oz. to 



Totamo, for transplanting....! oz. to 

 Turnip, garden 1 oz. to 



Per Acre 



60 ft. drill 5 lbs. 



100 ft. drill 120 lbs. 



75 hills 



50 ft. drill. . . .5 to 6 lbs. 



2,000 plants Vi lb. 



2,000 plants 6 oz. 



100 ft. drill. . .3 to 4 lbs. 



4.000 plants % lb. 



100 hills 12 to 15 lbs. 



100 ft. drill.. .2 to 3 lbs. 



100 ft. drill 



100 hills 2 to 3 lbs. 



100 ft. drill 



150 ft. drill 



150 ft. drill 



SO hills 2 to 3 lbs. 



25 hills 3 to 4 lbs. 



to 10 sq. ft 



100 ft. drill. . .4 to 5 lbs. 

 40 ft. drill . . . S to 10 bus. 



150 ft. drill 



200 ft drill. . . . 5 to 6 lbs. 

 40 ft. drill. .1% to 2 bus. 



1,000 plants 



30 hills 3 to 4 lbs. 



100 ft. drill. .S to 10 lbs. 



100 ft. drill S lbs. 



100 ft. drill. .10 to 12 lbs. 



50 hills 5 to 6 lbs. 



20 hills 3 to 4 lbs. 



1,500 plants % lb. 



150 ft. drill. .IVa to 2 lbs. 



FIELD 



Sunflower, Russian Vi lb. to 100 ft. drill 



Sugar Beet, in drills 4 to 5 lbs. 



Mangel, in drills 4 to 5 lbs. 



Carrot, in drills 2 to 3 lbs. 



Turnip, in drills 2 to 3 lbs. 



FIELD — Continued. 



Quantity per Acre J 



Turnip, broadcast 5 to 6 lbs. , 



Essex Rape, broadcast 4 to 6 lbs. j 



Essex Rape, in drills 3 lbs. 



Potatoes, hills or drills, cut 10 to 14 bus. 



Potatoes, hills or drills, cut to single eyes S to 10 bus. 



GRAINS 



Quantity per Acre. Weight per Bus.** 



Barlev IH, to 2^i bus 4S lbs.. 



Buckwheat % to % bus 4S lbs. 



Corn, in hills, to mature 12 to 18 lbs 56 lbs. 



Corn, Flint ! lb. to SO hills 15 to 20 lbs. 



Corn, for fodder, in drills 20 to 30 lbs 56 lbs. 



Corn, for fodder, broadcast. . . .1 to 1% bus 56 lbs. 



Flax, for seed % to % bus 56 lbs. 



Oats 2% to 3% bus 32 lbs. 



Peas 3 bus 60 lbs. 



Rye, for grain 1% bus 56 lbs. 



Rve. for fodder or pasture. . . .2 to 2hi bus 



Speltz (Emmer) 60 to SO lbs 



Vetches ! % to 2 bus 60 lbs. 



Vetches, for plowing down. . .2 to 3 bus 



^Vheat. Spring ! H to 2 ^i bus 60 lbs. 



"n'heat, T\'inter 



.!»4 to Ihi bus > 



CLOVERS AND GRASSES 



Quantity per Acre. 



Alfalfa 20 to 30 lbs . . . 



Clover, Red 10 to 16 lbs. . . 



Clover. Alsike S to 1 lbs 



Clover, White 4 to 5 lbs. 



Weight per 

 60 



.60 

 .60 

 .60 



Brome (Bromus inermis) 20 lbs 14 



Blue Grass 30 lbs. 20 



Orchard, drills 25 to 35 lbs 14 



Red Top, drills — Fancy 20 lbs 32 



Timothv, drills 15 to 20 lbs 4o 



Rye 



Bus. jj 



lbs. 

 lbs. 

 lbs, 

 lbs. 

 lbs. 

 lbs. 

 lbs. 

 lbs. 

 lbs. 



Hungarian Millet 40 to 50 lbs 4S lbs. i 



Japanese Millet, broadcast .... 30 lbs 06 lbs. 



Japanese Millet, drills 15 to 20 lbs 36 lbs. 



