38 
Src. 6. It is hereby made the duty of the governor of this State to issue a procla- 
niation on the first day of July of each year, calling public attention to the provisions 
of this act and warning all persons against violating the same. It is also made the 
duty of each circuit judge of this State to read the provisions of this act to each . 
erand jury when charging them as to their duties. 
Sec. 7. Inasmuch as there is urgent necessity for the protection of timber and 
other property from fires, this bill shall. take effect and be enforced from and after 
its approval by the governor. 
Filed in the office of the secretary of state, February 20, 1893. 
FEDERAL FOREST-FIRE LAW, 
AN ACT to prevent forest fires on the public domain. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America 
in Congress assembled, That any person who shall willfully or maliciously set on fire, 
or cause to be set on fire, auy timber, underbrush, or grass upon the public domain, 
or shall carelessly or negligently leave or suffer fire to burn unattended near any 
timber or other inflammable material, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, 
and, upon conviction thereof in any district court of the United States having 
jurisdiction of the same, shall be fined in a sum not more than five thousand dollars, 
or be imprisoned for a term of not more than two years, or both. 
Sec. 2. That any person who shall build a camp fire, or other fire, in or near any 
forest, timber, or other inflammable material upon the public domain, shall, before 
breaking camp or leaving said fire, totally extinguish the same. Any person failing 
to do so shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction thereof in 
any district court of the United States having jurisdiction of the same, shall be fined 
in a sum not more than one thousand dollars, or be imprisoned for a term of not 
more than one year, or both. 
Sec. 3. That in all cases arising under this act the fines collected shall be paid into 
the public school fund of the county in which the lands where the offense was com- - 
mitted are situate. 
Approved, February 24, 1897. 
RELATION OF FOREST FIRES IN THE CASCADES TO WATER SUPPLY. 
One of the cogent reasons for the preservation of our Western forests 
in general is the importance of a forest covering in conserving and reg- 
ulating the water supply needed for irrigation purposes. An investi- 
gation of the effects of sheep grazing in the Cascade Reserve would 
not be complete without a consideration of this phase of the subject. 
The west slope of the Cascade Range of Oregon has a heavy rain- 
fall, and in the country through which this rainfall flows, chiefly the 
valleys of the Willamette, Rogue, and Umpqua rivers, irrigation is 
carried on only to a very small extent, and the water supply is more 
than sufficient. Therefore, so far as the west slope of the Cascades is 
concerned, the question of preserving the water supply for irrigation 
purposes does not arise. 
The general question of the extent of the influence of forest denu- 
dation on the increase of floods is in such a state of controversy that 
no specific general conclusion can be drawn. We have no information 
relative to the west slope of the Cascades that throws any new light 
on the subject. The closely related subject of the washing and gully- 
