23 
Horse Creek: A range lying also on the head waters of the McKen- 
zie River, but farther to the southward than the McKenzie River range 
proper and in a direction southwesterly from the Three Sisters. It 
consists of forest-covered mountain slopes and a large area of bottom 
land, the latter partly open meadow and partly forest. 
Three Sisters: A range lying near the crest of the Cascades, in about 
latitude 44° 10’, and extending chiefly down the eastern slope toward 
the head waters of Squaw Creek and Tumelow Creek. It is chiefly 
made up of natural meadows and old burns in lodgepole pine forests. 
Willamette Cow Pastures: A range on the western side of the Cas- 
cades, between the southern head waters of the McKenzie and the head 
waters of the Willamette to the southward. It is similar in character 
to the Fish Lake range. 
Crane Prairie: A large natural meadow or series of meadows on the 
head waters of the main branch of the Deschutes. This is sometimes 
known on the maps as the West Fork, but more commonly known in 
the region as the Big Deschutes, or simply Big River. Crane Prairie is 
the principal source of this river. Early in the season Crane Prairie 
is too wet for the pasturage of sheep, and in an occasional season sheep 
ean hardly get on it at all. 
Davis Lake: Like the following, one of the reservoir sources of the 
Deschutes. It lies on the line between the counties of Klamath and 
Crook. The range consists chiefly of meadows lying along the west 
side of the Jake. Early in the season, and sometimes in very wet 
years throughout the season, the grazing land is so wet that sheep can 
not be driven upon it. 
Crescent Lake: A lake lying about 10 miles southwest of Davis 
Lake. The range consists mostly of meadows lying to the northeast 
of the lake, the best known being the one called Sanderson meadows. 
Diamond Lake: A body of water lying immediately west of the sum- 
mit of the Cascades at the western foot of Mount Thielson and one of 
the sources of the Umpqua River. It is about 15 miles in a direct line 
north of Crater Lake. The range consists in part of meadow land at 
the south end of the lake, but chiefly, as on the east side of the lake and 
on the lower slopes of Mount Thielson, of burns. 
Each of the ranges above described is divided into smaller ranges, 
the names of which it seems unnecessary to detail here, as they are 
wholly local in their use and do not appear on any maps. 
KINDS OF SHEEP FORAGE. 
In addition to their classification of grazing plants into three kinds— 
erass, weeds, and browse—the herders make one important distinction 
in the quality of feed. It is “light” feed, fattening quickly, but pro- 
ducing a ‘‘soft” fat, which is easily jost again if the sheep are compelled 
to travel long distances; or it is “strong” feed, not fattening so rapidly, 
but producing a “hard” fat, with which sheep may be driven long dis- 
