of the increase and now comprise about 54 percent 

 of total growing stock. About half the softwood \-ol- 

 ume is pine, and about half the hard^vood volume is 

 in the three northern hardwoods — ^yellow birch, sugar 

 maple, and beech. Distribution of the total cubic 

 volume' among species in 1948 was as follows: 



Million 

 cubic Jeft 



White pine 870 



Spruce 354 



Hemlock 325 



Fir 291 



Other softwoods 51 



Yellow birch 413 



Red maple 331 



Paper birch 300 



Sugar maple 299 



Beech 213 



Red oak 157 



Ash 54 



Other hardwoods 164 



All species 3^ 822 



Sound sawlog material in 1948 accounted for 1.7 

 billion cubic feet., less than half of the growing stock. 

 The other 2.1 billion cubic feet was found in pole- 

 timber trees and in the upper stems of sawtimber trees. 

 (Table 4.) 



Sawtimber J'olume 



Expressed in terms used by the lumberman, the saw- 

 timber volume in 1948 was 9.7 billion board-feet.' Of 

 this, 60 percent was softwood and 40 percent hard- 

 wood. White pine alone comprised one-third of the 

 sawlog material, as the following tabulation shows: 



Sawtimber volume 

 (million board-feet) 



White pine 3, 241 



Hemlock 1 186 



Other softwoods 1,484 



Yellow birch 1^ 239 



Sugar maple 783 



Beech 526 



Red oak 311 



Other hardwoods 943 



All species 9 713 



In 1952 the sawtimber volume reached 10 billion 

 board-feet. In the interval 1948-52 softwood saw- 

 All board-foot figures in this report are based on the 

 International ^-inch log rule. 



T.-vBLE 4. — Average net volume of live timber per acre of commerical 

 fortst land in New Hampshire, by stand-size class, 194S 



Stand-size class and acreage 



Growing 

 stock 



Saw- 

 timber 



Sawtimber stands: 



More than 5,000 board-feet per acre (581,400 acres)__ 

 1,500 to 5,000 board-feet per acre (1,226,900 acres)__ 



Poletimber stands: 



More than 600 cubic feet per acre (894.800 acres) 



200-600 cubic feet per acre (841,200 acres). 



Cubic 



Jen 

 1,900 

 1,100 



900 

 400 

 200 



Board- 

 Jeet 

 7,500 

 3,100 



800 

 500 



Other stands (1,137.900 acres)... 



400 







Average, all stands ' (4,682,200 acres).-- 



800 



2,100 







' Cord \olume averages about 10 cords per acre, all species, 



timber volume decreased from 5.9 to 5.5 billion board- 

 feet. The hardwood sawtimber \oluine on the other 

 hand increased from 3.8 to 4.5 billion board-feet. 



Cord Volume 



For some forest products, such as pulpwood, timber 

 volume is measured in terms of cords. To indicate the 

 approximate volume in cords, the total cubic growing 

 stock has been converted to standard cords, figuring 

 80 cubic feet of solid wood per cord.* 



The total growing stock in 1948 represented about 

 48 million cords of rough wood. The cord volume 

 was distributed among species as follows : 



Million 

 cords 



Spruce 4 



Fir 4 



Hemlock 4 



Pine and other softwoods 12 



Yellow birch, maple, beech 15 



Paper birch 4 



Oak and other hardwoods 5 



All species 48 



Spruce and fir are still the leading pulpwood species 

 used, but there is a growing use of hardwoods and 

 pine. Aspen also is used chiefly for pulpwood, and 

 paper birch bolts are the principal raw material for 

 the wood-turning industry. 



* In preliminary forest survey reports for New Hampshire, 

 other converting factors were used: 78 cubic feet per cord 

 for softwood and 65 cubic feet for hardwood. The new 

 factor is one that is now widely accepted by the pulpwood 



industry. 



16 



Forest Resource Report No. 8, U. S. Department of Agriculture 



I 



