9 



8 - 



6 - 



SMALL 



LARGE 



MEDIUM 



LARGE 



SMALL 



LARGE 



MINNESOTA 



WISCONSIN 



MICHIGAN 



I- 



OTHER 

 LUMBER 



PULP 



OTHER 



LUMBER 



PULP 



PULP 



Figure 21-— Acreage of commercial forest controlled by private 

 (nonfarm) oivners of large, riiedinm-sized. and small hold- 

 ings in each State. 



Cut-over land commonly is taxed at approximately 

 the same rate as adjoining improved farm land. 

 Each State in the region has a special forest tax 

 law under which landowners can apply for a special 

 classification enabling them to pay a small annual 

 tax (varying among states from 5 to 10 cents per 

 acre) plus a 10-percent yield tax at time of cutting. 

 Only small acreages of private land are registered 

 imder these laws for various reasons, including local 

 opposition to foregoing immediate tax yields. 



MINNESOTA WISCONSIN MICHIGAN 



Fli.i'KK 22.— . Jr'<'(i;<' of large and nwdiunt-sized private hold- 

 ings oicned by different industry groups in each State. 



Vol 



times 



rhe total volume of live timber on commercial 

 forest land in the Lake States is 27 billion cubic 

 feet. This is an average of 540 cubic feet (about 7 

 cords) per acre. It consists of 20 billion cubic feet 

 of primary growing stock froin which most of the 

 present and future merchantable timber products 

 must be obtained, and 7 billion cubic feet of 

 secondary material in the form of limbs of large 

 hardwood trees, and cull trees (table 10). 



Table \0.— ]'olume' of live timber on mmiuercial for<-st land iti the Lake Slates region, 19.^0 





Total 

 volume 



Primary growing stock - 





darv 



State 



Total 



Saw 

 timber ' 



Cordwood * 



growing stock 





Softwood 

 tops 



Pole 

 timber 



Hardwood 

 limbs 



CulP 

 trees 



Minnesota 



Millioyi 

 cubic feet 



7,500 

 S, 500 

 1 1 , 000 



Million 

 cubic feet 



5.700 

 6, 100 

 8,200 



Million 

 cubic feet 



1,360 

 2,000 

 3,040 



Million 

 cubic feet 



200 

 125 



275 



Million 

 cubic feet 



4,140 

 3,975 

 4,885 



Million 

 cubic feet 



500 

 1,100 

 1,600 



Million 

 cubic feet 



1,300 



Wisconsin..-. 



1,300 



Michigan .. 



1,200 



Region total 



27,000 



20, 000 



6,400 



600 



13,000 



3,200 



3,800 



1 Cubic-loot volume oi sau-timber. pole-rimber, and cull trees ol all species 

 from stump to a minimum 4-inch top inside bark. Includes bole onlv of soft- 

 wood (no limb wood), but both bole (central stem) and limbs of hardwoods to 

 a minimum 4-inch diameter inside bark. 



2 Volume of live saw- and pole-timber trees from stump to a minimum 

 4-inch top (of central stem) inside bark. Excludes cull trees and that part of 

 hardwood saw-timber trees above where the bole breaks into fimbs. Secondary 

 growing stock: all timber excluded from primary growing stock. 



Hn board feet: Minnesota, 8,500,000; Wisconsin, 12,500,000; Michigan, 

 19,000,000; region total, 40,000,000. By International (l^-inch kerf) log scale 

 which closely approximates green-chain tally. This volume was estimated for 

 all softwood trees 9 inches d.b.h. or more and hardwood trees 11 inches d.b.h. 



Forest Resources of the Lake States Region 



or more that had at least one 8-ii)oi log of usable quality. Minimum top 

 diameter for sawlogs was 8 inches inside bark. Deductions were made for rot, 

 crook, fork, shake, and other defects. 



•* Cords are on the basis of 75 cubic feet of wood per cord, which, for the 

 average size and shape of cordwood, will make a stack of standard size 4 by 4 

 by 8 feet when piled with bark on. 



■'' Large trees (18 inches d.b.h. or more) which did not contain one 16-foot 

 No. 1 or No. 2 grade log, or two 16-foot No. 3 grade logs. Smaller sawlog-size 

 trees (10 to 16 inches d.b.h.) that did not contain one 8-foot No. 1 or 2 log, or 

 one 16-foot No. 3 log. Pole-timber trees that apparently would never produce 

 marketable products other than fuel wood. Cedar trees too crooked or decayed 

 to produce at least one 16-foot pole or two 7-foot posts. 



21 



