Table 22.— /■•'"/j/"y//i<''i/ and production dalu fin IjiiIJi ninl [xiper mills in the 

 Liiki' Shilrs rc'lon. I'H?' 





Pulp 

 mills 



Paper 



and 



paperboard 



mills 



Kmplov«-s 



dvcraKcl 



Salaries and wages 





State 



Pulp 

 mills 



Paper 



and 



paperboard 



mills 



Pulp 

 mills 



Paper 



and 



paperboard 



mills 



Thousand 

 dollars 



13,003 

 39,613 

 37,037 



Value of paper 



and 



paperboard 



products 





Number 



7 

 29 

 10 



Number 



10 

 45 

 46 



Number 



1,354 

 4,852 

 1,241 



Number 



4,133 

 13,126 

 10,615 



Thousand 

 dollars 



4,038 



14,359 



3,694 



Thousand 

 dollars 



79,861 





240,161 





218,240 









46 



101 



7,447 



27,.S74 



22,091 



N9,65 ! 



51X,]62 







1 From Census of Manufacturers: 1947. MC26A. 

















IMPORTED WOOD 

 .6 Million Cords 



LAKE STATES WOOD 

 ID Million Cords 







DOMESTIC PULP 

 1.5 Million Tons 



IMPORTED PULP 



.6 Million Tons 



NONWOOO MATERIAL 

 1.7 Million Tons 



Figure 29— Source of materials entering into production oj 

 paper and paperboard in the Lake States. 



the total. About one-fourth of the total pulpwood, 

 chiefly spruce and fir, was imported from Canada. 

 Currently, the pulp mills are having trouble get- 

 ting the required volume of coniferous wood from 

 nearby forest lands. Those in central Wisconsin 

 and southern Michigan are the most seriously af- 

 fected. They are meeting the difficulty temporarily 

 by importing wood from northern Minnesota, north- 



Forest Resources of the Lake States Region 



ern Michigan, Rocky Mountain States, and Canada. 

 However, the exporting States and provinces are 

 disposed to restrict the export of raw wood. Be- 

 cause of uncertainty or high cost of importing wood, 

 the mills must find a permanent solution in restora- 

 tion of nearby forests. 



The local wood shortage is confined to softwood 

 species. Most mills have access to all the aspen they 

 can use, and most would have little or no trouble 

 obtaining oak, maple, beech, or elm, if they were 

 able to use it. The problem, therefore, is being 

 approached from two angles: (1) increasing the sup- 

 ply of softwoods, and (2) increasing the use of 

 hardwoods. 



A considerable number of the pulp companies are 

 acquiring forest land restocked with pine, spruce, 

 or balsam fir, and a few are engaged in reforesting 

 land on a fairly large scale. Very few of them, 

 however, can expect to obtain more than 20 to 30 

 percent of their wood requirements from their own 

 lands. 1 he pulp companies therefore are active in 

 educational campaigns and extension work among 

 farmers and other landowners— activities whicli 

 should have beneficial effects upon the wood supply 

 in the not too distant future. In many cases they 

 will be heavily dependent upon the timber yields 

 from public forests. 



Pulp mills have been using increasing quantities 

 of aspen, usually in mixture with softwood species. 

 They consumed more than 600.000 cords in 1946— 

 practically ten times as much as in 1935. A few are 

 utilizing other hardwoods on a small scale. 



The Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wis., 

 has found experimentally that most hardwood 

 species can be pulped by the sulfate process and that 



33 



