species for those in short supply, and other measines 

 of good forest management. 



By these measures, annual yields of all timber 

 could be stepped up to 1,150 million cubic feet in 

 less than 70 years, but the saw-timber goal of 3,100 

 million board feet would take several decades longer. 

 Moreover, the increased yields from natural stands 

 would be largely of aspen and other hardwoods. 



To hasten the accomplishment of the proposed 

 regional goal, especially to increase the proportion 

 of softwoods for both lumber and pulpwood, a 

 planting program seems desirable. 



Additional Yield frotn Plantations 



Landowners have been planting an average of 

 around 40,000 acres per year in the Lake States in 

 recent years. Public agencies planted considerably 

 more than this for several years following 1934 while 

 the Civilian Conservation Corps was active. How- 

 ever, they suspended most planting during World 

 War II and have not yet resinned operations on a 

 large scale. Farmers, with aid from the Federal 

 and State Governments, have been increasing their 

 planting of windbreaks and shelter belts, and some 



1,800 

 1,600 

 1,400 — 

 1,200 

 1,000 



800 



600 



•400 



200 



c, 



^ SAW TIMBER 





r ^*""" 











^Q-j^i^^ 







n '• 



.-""'^ 







* 







_ -' 







§2 

















o 

















~J 1 



_ 











^ 









5 

 n 









g 





^ 





^ 





50 70 100 



'EARS HENCE 



LEGEND 

 ANNUAL YIELD 



I I HARDWOOD 



□ SOFTWOOD 



f-v-^ SOFTWOOD 

 ''■''■' (Plomoi.oni) 



ALL TIMBER 



i 



^i^s^^ 



^ 



j,,ende.<'l 



^ 



NOW 



50 



70 100 



YEARS HENCE 



Figure 43.— Potential future yields under proposed plan of 

 management, as related to Lake States timber requirements. 



Forest Resources of the Lake Slates Region 



industrial forest owners have l)ccn planting on an 

 increasing scale. 



To insure production of the quantity of softwood 

 timber needed to reach the regional goal, the rate 

 of planting should be increased very soon to at least 

 100,000 acres per year. This would accomplish 

 reforestation of 5 million acres in 50 years. 



Assuming that the new plantings woidd be 40 

 ]3ercent red and white pine, 40 percent jack pine, 14 

 percent spruce, and 6 percent hardwoods, it would 

 be reasonable to expect some yields in the form of 

 pulpwood after 30 years and appreciable quantities 

 of saw timber after 70 years. 



By combining good management of natural stands 

 with planting of 5 million acres, the region could 

 attain the proposed 3.1-billion-board-foot goal by 

 A. D. 2020. At that time, it could supply its pro- 

 spective requirements for hardwood timber of prac- 

 tically all kinds, pulpwood, and fuel wood, in fact, 

 nearly everything except softwood saw timber. In 

 this one particular, it apparently must continue to 

 import softwood lumber from other regions, or alter 

 its consuming habits (fig. 43). 



Logical Forestry Objectives 

 The facts of the situation seem to suggest at least 

 two desirable objectives: 



To rebuild the region's forests.— That is, to initi- 

 ate a program of forest development which will 

 make the region more nearly self-sufficient in timber 

 products, and at the same time augment the in- 

 cidental values which go with a productive forest. 

 An annual yield of 3.1 billion board feet of saw 

 timber, including 1.1 billion board feet of softwoods, 

 by A.D. 2020 is an attainable goal. This will meet 

 the Lake States share of a proposed national goal, 

 and will supply a large share of the Avood products 

 needed for local consumption. It will increase local 

 job opportunities, increase tax revenues, and im- 

 j)rove the general economy of the region. The 

 rebuilt forest will also contribute more toward ero- 

 sion control, farm improvement, and recreational 

 development. 



To sitstain going industries.— \'^\vic\\ means to 

 manage the present timber resources in such a way 

 as to support as large a number as possible of desir- 

 able existing industries on a stable and permanent 

 footing, and if possible to encourage new industries 

 in appropriate locations. This implies scheduled 

 cutting budgets and high degree of cooperation 

 between industries and landowners. 



47 



