Avni din g prein at lire !mri)e.sling.— Owners of thrifty 

 young timber such as northern hardwoods in the 

 small saw-timber stage, or pine and spruce in the 

 small pole-timber stage, should postpone harvest 

 cutting becatise at this stage the doininant trees have 

 a higher value as growing stock than for timber 

 products. This practice is not serious on well- 

 managed public and private forests, and is being 

 combatted successfully in counties where foresters 

 are employed to give demonstrations and advice to 

 landowners. Elsewhere it needs more attention. 



Thinning and weeding.— To obtain needed pulp- 

 wood, fence posts, mine lagging, and fuel wood, as 

 well as to improve the quality and vigor of young 

 timber stands, owners should thin overdense stands 

 and take out suppressed, damaged, and unhealthy 

 trees wherever practicable (fig. 45). Farmers can 

 improve their woodlands by removing large, spread- 

 ins; wolf trees. 



3. Meastnes to reforest nonstocked and poorly 

 stocked areas. 



Improving protection.— Yire protection already 

 has proved effective in encouraging natural reforest- 

 ation and bringing about a "thickening up" of 

 sapling stands. Because of rising costs and the 

 continuing threat of serious damage, fire protective 

 organizations need streno;thenina;. 



The region should have an equally effective sys- 

 tem for detecting and controlling incipient out- 

 breaks of insects and diseases threatening young 

 gro^v'th. 



Reducing animal damage.— \n the farm-woods dis- 

 tricts, seedlings must be protected from bro^vsing 

 and trampling by livestock if they are to survive 

 and develop into merchantable timber. 



In some localities the deer and beaver population 

 must be kept under control unless it is decided that 

 the game is more valuable than the timber. 



F -4 2 1 2 I 2 



FicURK. 4'i.— J'hiiiiiing of dense slaiiih usually ivill sliinulcile ^loji'lli rind yield, some luerrlunitdble products. This sUuid of youui^ 



jack jiiiie ill iioi lli-(ciiliiil Miiiiiesolii liiis been tliiiiiied for fiiiljneood. 



.f)0 



forest Jirsoiixc Report So. I, I . S. Depart incnl of .\gri( iiUiirc 



