39 
plaint from this source in western Kansas, but the fungus is common 
farther east, and may travel westward. 
In the court-house yard at Smith Center, Kans., is a thrifty double 
row of red cedars that have been set sixteen years. During that time 
the average growth has been 9 inches in height and a little more than 
one-fourth of an inch in diameter yearly. Reasonably good condi- 
tions will secure similar results anywhere. Although used nearly 
altogether as an ornamental tree, the cedar asit grows in western Kan- 
sas 1s not particularly handsome. It is often dingy in appearance as 
compared with the freshness of pine foliage or the delicate forms of 
some broadleaf species; but the planter on the plains must choose 
trees with more consideration for hardiness than beauty. Red cedar 
will grow where all else would fail, and it will give him service 
throughout the year. 
The red heartwood makes wonderfully durable posts, and is valu- 
able in many ways. Commercial planting has not been undertaken 
as yet. Owing to the high price of the trees and the care necessary 
in setting, the experiment would be costly. There is no doubt, how- 
ever, that a successful plantation would eventually bring good returns. 
The rates of growth were found to be practically identical for 
upland and valley situations, so no distinction is made in the table. 
As the planting is almost entirely in yards, only a few trees were 
found in a place, and the number of measurements 1s correspondingly 
small. 
Growth of upland and valley red cedar. 
| | | 
| GNI 8 Ile 
| | Average rentine | Number 
: | a5, ‘required to ~~; 
Place. _How standing.| Age. see eae grow i inch) oe 
~~ | hish, [22 diameter| aed 
| © |breasthigh. : 
| | Years. Feel. |. Inches. | Years. ~| 
StOckLOny Manse ans ses. ee INOW Tod: Badass 7 10 | 2.3 3.0 10 
TELE ASE IGG H OWS |e Saree ees peg ek doe eee 8 9 | DW 3.6 | 13 
RUSSELL Kans sane soo. oe aes Lee aie Goes sts 12 12 | 2.3 5.2 | 10 
IDO) Se dcde eee eS oe aes GlOvVietece = 12 12 | 2.5 4.8 24 
PAULO THC eerie ee eke i |e OKO RE ae einen 12 14 4,2 m8) 5 
GIN SLOW: ReaAMS eiicae saisocioc es Sees e ns ROWE ene ose 15 10 2.6 5.8 | 4 
SigeiR CIS SKANS) Slane Sot | 2 =e dor S353 fs: 15 10 3.1 | 4.8 4 
Smith=Genter-Kansess.o2 =<. 2--=-|-<2 doess225-2 = 16 14 Aa 3.8 14 
erat Kea Sere ser sce ae seat oa Acne GO PES Sfae- 17 14 | 4.4 3.9 | 11 
BramiilinksNiG pisses sees too: coe. css GOW c= 4558 19 15 3.8 5.0 | 6 
Oshorner KanSe cen se a-ak R= COR ne oe 24 17 4.4 5.9 | 7 
stockton, Kans ~.-....-.....-..-..-|--- Cra cocoaness 27 17 | 5.6 4,8 | 6 
WHITE ELM. 
White elm is a native tree that does excellently under cultivation. 
It likes a heavy soil, and will grow well where cottonwood fails en- 
tirely. It is slow to start and requires a few years to get established, 
but afterwards grows rapidly. The elm is a long-lived tree, and one 
that should have a place in permanent plantations. It has no supe- 
[Cir. 161.] 
