16 CONSERVATIVE LUMBERING AT SEWANEE, TENN. 



Forest rodents eat most of the nuts. While Black Walnut is very 

 tolerant, it does better with a fair amount of light. It stands fire well 

 and is free from insects and fungi. Large trees of the species do not 

 sprout. 



Bittern ut is scarce at Sewanee. In the moist clay soil near creeks 

 in the lowlands it makes a tall, straight, clear-boled tree with a large 

 crown. The few scattered specimens within The Universtiy Domain 

 occur on Northerly Slope benches and in Lower Slope forest. All the 

 trees are large, averaging 18 inches in diameter. Bitternut yields 

 many nuts about once in two years, but there is little reproduction of 

 the species at Sewanee. Light is required for the development of the 

 seedlings. The tree is attacked by borers after injury by fire and the 

 timber is often affected by wind shake. 



Shagbark is, with one exception, the most common tree of the coves 

 at Sewanee. It is found throughout the mountain sides, but makes 

 its best growth on the good soil of Northerly Slope. Here it is a tall, 

 straight, narrow-crowned tree with a long, clear bole. Its average 

 diameter is 30 inches. 



Shagbark is tolerant of shade, and seems to prefer shady slopes. It 

 seeds profusely every year. The reproduction is good, although many 

 of its nuts are devoured by hogs. Young Shagbarks sprout freely 

 from the stump. Borers enter the tree after tire has burned it. and 

 the timber generally suffers from windshake. 



Pignut is the least fastidious and. in consequence, the best repre- 

 sented hickory at Sewanee. It is found in all situations and soils 

 within The University Domain, although its growth differs in char- 

 acter with the varying conditions. Like Shagbark. it grows best in 

 good soil, and on the rich Northerly Slope of the coves is a fairly tall, 

 clear-boled tree with an average diameter of 15 inches and a maximum 

 of 31 inches. On the poorer Southerly Slope, although not so good a 

 tree, it forms the greater part of the growth. On the plateau its 

 character is g-reatlv changed. There it is short and low crowned, with 

 an average diameter of 15 inches and a maximum of 21 inches. 



The abundant crops of nuts which the Pignuts bear are nearly all 

 devoured by hogs, and seedling reproduction is scant. When young, 

 the trees sprout readily, even after fire. Pignut is rather sensitive to 

 shade. Borers are common, and windshake generally affects the 

 timber. 



Black WUIovj is confined to the streams on the plateau. Not many 

 specimens grow at Sewanee. The largest seen was 12 inches in 

 diameter. The tree occurs in groups, about which a little young 

 growth is occasionally found. The old trees have very short trunks 

 and large jrowns. 



Hornbeam requires so rich a soil that it is found very seldom, even 

 on benches of Lower Slope. It is commoner along the valley streams. 



