F-54989 



Figure 36— Hewing crossties 

 is a slack-time job for peo- 

 ple living within the forest. 

 The ties are usually hewn 

 from small sawtimber and 

 few tools are needed. 



From 5 to 10 percent of the railroad crossties 

 handled by concentration yards and treating plants 

 in Kentucky are hewn. It is estimated that in 1948 

 about 75,000 ties were hewn from nearly 3 millicn 

 board feet of timber. These ties were worth about 

 .§113,000. Their value per cubic foot was 26 cents, 

 about the saine as for mine props. Approximately 

 5.000 man-days were reqtiired to produce the hewn 

 ties. 



Miscellaneous Farm Timbers 



In 1948 about 3 million cubic feet of wood, worth 

 S28 1.000, was cut for miscellaneous uses such as for 

 fencing and construction of feed lots and biuldings 

 on the farms of Kentucky. Farmers cut almost all 

 of the wood for their own use, with a labor expen- 

 diture of about 35,000 man-days. Seventy-one per- 

 cent of the production came from poletimber, 23 

 percent from saplings, and 6 peicent from sawtim- 

 ber. The species used were mainlv hickory, red oak, 

 white oak, locust, redcedar, and pine. 



Secondary Forest-Products Industries 



The industries that further process wood prod- 

 ucts such as limrber, rough staves, and veneer into 

 more finished ]Moducts can make an important con- 

 tribution to the income a commtmity receives from 

 its forests. Limiber and \eneer are used in the manu- 

 factme of a large variety of wood products in Ken- 



tucky. In 1948 the manufacturers of wood products, 

 such as boxes, furniture, and millwork, required 

 about 142 million board feet of wood, mostly in 

 the form of lumber. Thirty-six percent of the hmi- 

 ber was used in the manufacture of furnittue— an 

 important industry in Kentucky. Millwork ac- 

 counted for nearly 50 percent of the veneer used; 

 much of the \eneer had pre\iouslv been manufac- 

 tured into plywood. 



In 1947 these secondary industries added about 

 37 million dollars to the value of manufactured 

 products in Kentucky. This amount does not quite 

 equal the \alue of the primary (round) -wood prod- 

 ucts ciu in 1948. In some States where secondary 

 manufactiuing is well developed, the value added 

 in the manufacture of secondary wood products 

 far exceeds the value of the primary -wood products. 



To take advantage of transportation, power, 

 water facilities, and labor supply, secondary manu- 

 facturing plants tend to concentrate in the larger 

 urban areas. This is true in Kentucky ^^•here at least 

 61 of the 1 14 plants are in the Louisville area. These 

 61 plants emplov more than 90 percent of all the 

 employees engaged in remanufacturing. The de- 

 velopment fjf belter transportation, povver, and 

 water facilities in other mban areas of the State 

 may encoiuage some ■ivood remanufactining plants 

 to locate closer to their sovnce of primary wood 

 products. 



30 



Forest Resource Rejjorl Xo. 7, U. S. FJejyarimeut of Agric ulture 



