GROWTH AND UTILIZATION 



169 



Logging REsrouEs 



Each year a certain amount of standing timber 

 is cut for timber products. In the logging process, 

 some additional trees are knocked down or other- 

 wise killed. Part of the inventory volume that is 

 cut or killed is removed from the woods in the 

 form of logs, bolts, or other round products. Part 

 of that which is cut or killed, however, is left un- 

 used in the woods. This is the material designated 

 as "logging residues." The term applies only to 

 material that is taken out of the growing-stock 

 inventory but left in the woods, unused. 



Cutting on a given area may be done for a 

 single product or for a number of products, all at 

 the same time or at different times, and by tlie 

 same operator or different operators. In logging of 

 this sort, certain parts of the felled trees may be 

 utilized for saw logs, and other parts may be 

 selected for veneer and pulpwood. Only the parts 

 finally unused arc classed as residues. By way of 

 example, logging residues may include logs missed 

 in yarding or left at landings; pieces resulting from 

 breakage; unutilized portions of trees cut, whether 

 in the boles or tops down to 4 inches in diameter; 

 leftovers in making hewn ties and split products; 



and growing-stock trees knocked down or other- 

 wise killed during logging and left in the woods. 



In addition to the residues from growing stock, 

 there is a large but undetermined volume of other 

 material left on the ground following logging — 

 such as sound cull trees, sound portions of rotten 

 culls, previously dead trees, tops less than 4 inches 

 in diameter, and limbs. Tlius, while this study 

 deals only with logging residues from growing 

 stock, any proposal for possible uses of such resi- 

 dues would apply in certain respects to all classes 

 of material that may be available. 



Quantity, Source, and Location 

 of Logging Residues 



In 1952, about 1.4 billion cubic feet of logging 

 residues resulted from cutting for timber products 

 in the United States and Coastal Alaska (table 95, 

 p. 156). This is the equivalent of about 17 million 

 cords, or 70 percent of the total pulpwood output 

 in 1952. Seventy-five percent was attributable to 

 saw-log operations, 7 percent to veneer, and the 

 remaining 18 percent to all other logging and woods 

 operations. 



Table 105. — Ratio of net annual growth to timber cutjor sawtimber and growing stock in continental United 



States, 1944 o,nd 1952 





Sawtimber 



Growing stock 



Section and region 



Softwood 



Hardwood 



Softwood 



Hard 



wood 





1944 



1952 



1944 



1952 



1944 



1952 



1944 



1952 



North - . -- 



0.86 



1. 04 



1.47 



2.21 



0.87 



L 17 



1.53 



3. 10 







New England - - 



. 78 



. 83 



.83 



L88 



4. 44 



. 66 



.92 



2. 09 



2.93 



3.33 



1.38 

 L38 



1. 25 

 1.65 



2. 17 



2. 44 

 2. 09 

 2. 21 

 2. 15 

 4. 40 



. 92 

 .84 

 . 83 

 .89 

 .87 



.81 

 1. 20 

 1. 70 

 2.71 

 2.25 



1.59 



1. 68 



2. 07 

 L 16 

 1. 25 



4.22 



Middle Atlantic 



3. 53 



Lake States 



2. 47 



Central 



2.79 



Plains 



4. 46 







South - .- _ . 



.91 



L24 



.99 



1.21 



.94 



1. 17 



L30 



1. 62 







South Atlantic 



. 90 



.86 



LOl 



1. 09 

 L 17 

 L57 



1. 64 

 .81 

 .90 



1. 61 



.91 



1. 34 



. 95 

 . 91 

 . 99 



1.06 

 L 16 

 1.35 



1.96 

 1. 21 

 L07 



1.74 



Southeast 



1. 45 



West Gulf 



1.77 







West - - 



.60 



.49 



4.31 



3.30 



.82 



.70 



10.91 



6. 48 







T^opifip NnrtliAVP^t, 



.41 



.41 







.51 



.53 





















. 41 

 . 40 

 .51 

 .79 

 1. 23 

 .76 









. 47 

 .92 

 .59 

 1.80 

 1. 98 

 .93 







Vinp ^^iihrpfrinTi 















Califomifi - 



L06 



L 31 



1.47 



.75 







1. 29 



2. 46 

 2. 12 



. 88 

















SnntViprn T^nf^kv IVTonntain 











United States 



1. 19 



1.58 



1.43 



2. 21 







