458 



TIMBEiR RESOURCES FOR AMERICA'S FUTURE 



Table 267. — United States international trade in 

 woodpulp, specified years, 1899-1955 





Imports 



Exports 



Net imports 



Year 



As wood- 

 pulp 



As pulp- 

 wood 



equiva- 

 lent' 



1899 



1904 



1909 



1914 



1920 



1925 



1930 



1935 



1940 



1945 



1950 



1952 _ .. 



Thousand 



tons 



57 



179 



370 



676 



906 



1, 664 



1,830 



1, 933 



1, 225 

 1,754 



2, 385 

 1, 941 

 2,213 



Thousand 



tons 



21 



10 



9 



12 



32 



38 



48 



172 



481 



135 



96 



212 



633 



Thousand 



tons 



36 



169 



361 



664 



874 



1, 626 



1,782 



1, 761 

 744 



1,619 



2, 289 

 1, 729 

 1, 580 



Thousand 



cords 



56 



261 



560 



1,028 



1, 561 



2,899 



3,238 



3, 252 

 1, 306 

 2,971 



4, 158 

 3, 105 



1955 



2, 755 



' Converted on the following basis: 



1 ton sulfite pulp =2.05 cords 



1 ton sulfate pulp =1.78 cords 



1 ton soda pulp =2.10 cords 



1 ton groundwood pulp=1.01 cords 

 1 ton other pulp = 1.02 cords 



Source: U. S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the 

 Census; U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service; 

 and United States Pulp Producers Association, Wood Pulp 

 Statistics, reporting statistics of the Bureau of the Census. 



Bulk of Paper and Paperboard Imports 

 Is Newsprint 



In the early 1900's exports of paper and paper- 

 board exceeded imports, but since 1914 the United 

 States has been a net importing nation (table 268). 

 Excepting some fluctuation during war and de- 

 pression years, net imports have increased steadily 

 from 296 thousand cords (roundwood equivalent 

 volume) in 1914 to about 6 million cords in 

 1950-55. 



In 1952, net imports of paper and paperboard 

 (roundwood equivalent) comprised 52 percent of 

 the net imports of pulpwood and pulpwood 

 products. In 1955 they represented 54 percent 

 of the total. 



In nearly all years since 1914 the United States 

 has been a net exporter of most grades of paper 

 and papei'board. Newsprint has comprised the 

 bulk of imports and a substantial part of the 

 exports. The 1955 distribution of paper and 

 paperboard imports and exports by major grade 

 classes is shown below: 



Thousand tons 



n ^ 1 ^'^^ ^^^ 



(jrade class: Imports Exports imports exports 



Newsprint 5,159 207 4,952 



Other paper 112 316 204 



Paperboard 112 322 210 



Total 5,383 845 4,952 414 



Canada has supplied nearly all of the newsprint 

 (97 percent in 1955) imported. Small quantities 

 of newsprint and specialty grades of paper have 

 originated in Sweden, Norway, and Finland. 



Imports of Canadian newsprint have supplied a 

 large part (more than 80 percent since 1946) of the 

 newsprint consumed in the United States. The 

 dependence of the United States upon Canadian 

 newsprint imports has been due to a number of 

 factors, including: (a) The depletion of the long- 

 fibered softwood pulpwood supplies in New 

 England and the Lake States, (b) lack of tariff 

 protection, '^^ and (c) the rapidly rising demand 

 for other grades of paper and paperboard, which 

 domestic manufacturers considered more profitable 

 to produce. 



Table 268. — United States international trade in 

 paper and paperboard, specified years, 1899-1955 





Imports 



Exports 



Net imports 



Year 



As paper 

 and 

 paper- 

 board 



As pulp- 

 wood 



equiva- 

 lent ' 



1899 



1904 



1909 - 



Thousand 



tons 



6 



10 



35 



316 



787 



1, 542 



2, 347 

 2, 344 

 2, 816 

 2, 753 

 5,007 

 5, 191 

 5, 383 



Thousand 



tons 



57 



57 



48 



83 



285 



130 



206 



173 



551 



459 



372 



592 



845 



Thousand 

 tons 

 2 51 

 247 



2 13 

 233 

 502 

 1,412 

 2, 141 

 2, 171 

 2,265 

 2, 294 

 4,635 

 4, 599 

 4, 538 



Thousand 



cords 



2 76 



2 70 



2 15 



1914 



296 



1920 



1925 



565 

 1, 785 



1930 



2, 754 



19.35 



1940 



2,930 

 2, 977 



1945 



2, 912 



1950.. - -. 



5, 874 



1952 



1955 



5,838 

 5,836 







1 Converted on the following basis: 



1 ton newsprint =1.27 cords 



1 ton other paper=1.50 cords 



1 ton paperboard= .69 cords 



- Net exports. 



Source: U. S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the 

 Census; U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service; 

 and American Pulp and Paper Association, The Statistics 

 of Paper, reporting statistics of the Bureau of the Census. 



'55 In 1911 as a result of the Canadian Reciprocity Act, 

 the tariff on newsprint was abolished. Tariffs on other 

 grades of paper were retained. 



