698 



TIMBER RESOURCES FOR AMERICA'S FUTTJUE 



saplings, and, in some instances, poles were 

 counted if they fell within 1, 2, or 4-nailacre cir- 

 cular plots, as specified in the table by the dis- 

 tances 3.7, 5.3, and 7.4 feet, respectively, from the 

 point. Larger trees were counted if they fell 

 within the specified distance from the point as 

 shown for each d. b. h. class in the table. 



Table 110. — Effective seeding distance jor indi- 

 vidual seed trees and green timber edges, by species, 

 forest type group or type. Northern Rocky Moun- 

 tain Region 



The following tabulation relates the entries in 

 table 109 for seedlings and saplings to conven- 

 tional measures by the stocked-quadrat method: 



Entries from table 109 



Maximum 

 distance 

 Minimum trees from point 

 per acre (number) (feet) 



1,000 3.7 



1,000 5.3 



500 5.3 



250 7.4 



Equicaleni minimum of trees per quadrat 

 required for a stocked point (number) 



1 per l-milacre quadrat 



2 per 2-milacre quadrat 

 1 per 2-milacre quadrat 

 1 per 4-miIacre quadrat 



Prospective Stockesg 



Seed trees 



Species of seed tree 



or forest type 



group at timber 



edge 



Western white pine.. 

 Ponderosa piiie 



Douglas-fir 

 Grand fir.. 



Western larch. 



Spruce 



Cedar 



Lodgepole pine 

 Aspen 



Diameter 



breast 



high 



Inches 

 16 and 

 larger- _ 



fl2-16 



18-24 



1 26 and 

 I larger. _ 



10-14 



16 and 

 larger. _ 



16 and 

 larger. _ 



14-18 



18 and 

 larger. _ 



18 and 

 larger. . 



16 and 

 larger. . 



10 and 



larger. . 



Max- 

 imum 

 dis- 

 tance 

 from 

 point 



Feet 



50 

 40 

 50 



70 



50 



60 



50 

 50 

 60 



60 



130 



1 40 



2 30 



Timber Seed sources available and seedbed conditioi. 

 edges — existing^ at unstocked sample points were care- 

 maximum fully observed. If both seed source and seedbed 

 poinTfn mJ- ^^^"^ ^9^"^ adequate by the following standards, 

 tiples of aver- the point was classed as "stocking in prospect." 

 age height of If either seed source or seedbed, or both, were 

 dominant and judged inadequate, the point was classed as "no 

 ' ?r'^er''* Stocking in prospect." 

 Table 110 shows the standards used for deter- 

 mining the adequacy of the seed suppl}'. A seedbed 

 was considered adequate only where 50 percent 

 2 or more of the surface area of the quadrat sur- 

 2 rounding the sample point was free of limiting 



cover such as rock, grass, shrubs, and if the point 



did not fall on permanent road surfaces, rock or 



water, etc. For the spruce type in south Idaho 



2 and Wyoming west of the Continental Divide, 



1- and 2-milacre quadrats were used for this de- 



termination. With this exception, 4-milacre 



quadrats were used in all types and localities for 

 2 determination of seedbed condition. 



Examiners were instructed to observe the 

 ^ effects of deer browsing, particularly in the ponder- 

 osa pine type, and to record instances where it 

 was believed to be serious. In north Idaho and 

 Montana, when points fell in areas of very heavj" 

 ^ deer browsing they were not considered for pros- 

 pective stocking unless the point happened to 

 4 fall in a location protected from the deer. Ex- 

 aminers were likewise instructed to observe signs 

 ('^ of unusual rodent activities which might affect 

 availability of seed for germination. 



Prospects of stocking hj Douglas-fir, larch, and 



lodgepole pine were not considered at points that 



' When examining points for prospective stocking, ordi- ^^^ within the prescribed effective seeding radius 

 narily no allowance was made for standing individual if the secd trees were mfected with mistletoe, 

 lodgepole pine trees. The seed source was considered 

 adequate only if cone-bearing slash less than 5 years old 

 was present on ground at the point, or if the point lay with- 

 in 2 chains of a standing body of green timber. In western 

 Montana and north Idaho, scattered seed trees were 

 considered only when full-crowned, vigorous, and wind- 

 firm, and within the distance from the point shown in 

 the table. 



- 2 chains; this distance refers to the stump of a recently 

 cut tree. Major rehance for reproduction in aspen is 

 placed on root suckers — not seed. 



Effect of Felling Age 



Whenever clear cuttings were encountered in 

 stands below rotation age, appropriate adjust- 

 ment factors were recorded. Rotation age and 

 adjustment factors were used depending upon 

 whether the owner was producing cordwood 

 products or sawtimber (table 111). 



