710 



TIMBER RESOURCES FOR AMERICA'S FUTURE 



Canada's timber situation — Continued 



Forest industries contribute substantially to 



Canadian economy 



Canada's timber exports are mainly to the United 



States 



Timber utilization could be increased 



Mexico's timber situation 



Forest area is relatively small 



Timber volume is small 



Forest industries are developing 



Sawmills are locally important 



Pulp and paper mills partially meet national 



needs 



Plywood production is increasing 



Wood is widely used for fuel 



Nonwood forest products are also important. _ 



Timber cut is thought to exceed growth 



Foreign trade in forest products is chiefly with 



United States 



Forest-product exports likely to decline 



Page 



338 



338 

 339 

 340 

 340 

 340 

 342 

 342 



342 

 342 

 342 

 342 

 343 



343 

 343 



The world timber situation 



Only one-fourth of Free World's forests under 

 exploitation 



Softwood forests more heavily exploited than 

 hardwood forests 



Canada, United States, and free Europe dominate 

 world timber trade 



Free Europe likely to need its own output 



United States can continue to import but expan- 

 sion of exports limited by domestic needs 



Relation of North American forest resources to 



those of the Free World and world 



United States resources in relation to those of 



North America 



North American resources in relation to those 



of the Free World 



North American and Free World resources in 

 relation to those of the world 



Page 

 344 



344 



345 



346 

 346 



347 



348 



348 



348 



3.50 



Future Demand for Timber 



Page 



Introduction 357 



Anticipated growth of the Nation's economy by 



1975 and 2000 1 357 



The population upsurge has not abated 357 



Future population depends chiefly on future 



birth rates 358 



Census Bureau's projections extended 359 



Population figures chosen for use in this study. _ 360 

 Output of all goods and services will greatly 



increase 360 



Size of labor force determined chiefly by size 



and age-distribution of population 360 



Possible distribution of future labor forces 361 



Annual average workweek is shortening 361 



Average man-hour productivity is increasing. _ 362 



Gross national product projections 362 



Per capita disposable income may double by 2000_ 363 



Raw materials input will increase 364 



Timber products in the Nation's economy 366 



Trends in the input of industrial wood 367 



Product distribution of timber consumed in 1 952_ 368 



The basic assumptions 369 



Future demand for lumber 374 



Lumber for use in construction 375 



Residential construction may reach three 



million units annually by 2000 375 



Nonresidential construction closely related to 



economic growth 384 



Maintenance and repair construction requires 



substantial quantities of lumber 391 



Railroads' use of lumber consists chiefly of 



ties 397 



As farm output increases, more farm service 



structures will be needed 403 



Lumber for construction in mines expected to 



double by 2000 406 



Page 

 Future demand for lumber — Continued 



Lumber for manufactured products 407 



Furniture manufacturing requires lumber chiefly 



for household furniture 407 



Many other manufactured products require 



lumber 411 



Projections of demand for lumber for manu- 

 factured products 413 



Lumber for use in shipping 413 



Major shipping use is for wooden boxes, cases, 



and crates 413 



More pallets required as materials handling 



becomes mechanized 414 



Lumber is the principal material used for 



dunnage 415 



Projections of demand for shipping lumber — 415 



Trends in lumber price and consumption 415 



Real price increased 190 percent, 1900-1954 — 416 

 Relative consumption decreased 66 percent, 



1900-1954 417 



Past consumption decrease chiefly due to real 



price increase 418 



Substantial price rise assumed for lower pro- 

 jections 421 



Summary of lumber-demand projections 422 



Future demand for pulpwood 422 



Paper and paperboard 426 



Paper consumption related to gross national 



product and population 426 



Paperboard consumption has increased 5 per- 

 cent aimually since 1929 429 



Woodpulp 433 



Future requirements vary by type of wood- 

 pulp 434 



More woodpulp required for nonpaper prod- 

 ucts 436 



