EXAMINATION OF COCOA POWDERS. 
943 
and besides, by saponification of the fat, because experience shows that the soap is . 
-notagreeable to the stomach. Contrary opinions are asserted from the standpoint of 
sanitary police. 
By application of alkalis, the ash content is considerably raised 
[to over 9 per cent against 4 per cent in cocoa], which, according to the Deutschen 
Reichs-Gesundheitsamtes, is to be considered an adulteration. 
Recently, May 24, 
1884, a process for making cocoa preparations soluble was patented by Lobeck & Co. 
In this process the material is heated, with or without water, in a closed vessel for 
thirty minutes at 150° C.) The cocoa beans are soaked several hours in water in 
which potassium or sodium hydrate (2 per cent to 4 per cent) and magnesia are dis- 
solved, then dried and pulverized. 
All good cocoa preparations should be made from the cotyledons only. 
For this 
purpose the seeds are always husked and the husks, under the name of ‘‘ cocoa tea,” 
constitute an independent article of commerce. 
The husks serve for the preparation 
of cheaper kinds of chocolate and for adulteration; when, in consequence of the 
small amount of theobromine contained therein, the addition of husks is usually 
considered unallowable. 
The most general preparation of cocoa is choeolate. 
For its preparation the husked 
seeds, with the addition of sugar (50 per cent or more) and spices, are ground to a 
paste at an elevated temperature and pressed into forms. 
Results of the examination of four cocoa powders by Stutzer' for the purpose of determin- 
ing the effect of the process of manufacture on the chemical constituents. 
[I is composed of 40 per sent Ariba, 40 per cent Machala,and 20 per cent Bahia cocoa,and was made 
in Wittekop & Co.’s factory in Braunschweig, without the use of chemicals. 
ILis a sample of Hol- 
land cocoa’ III and IV are German cocoas, and,in Stutzer’s opinion, were prepared by use of am- 
monia.] 
I II. Ill IV. 
| | Per cent.| Per cent.| Per cent. | Per cent. 
ER EES Ee eee ee ee eer: 1: 78.|; = 1.98 1.80 | 
| Ammonia -.--- je a Bele Se | 0. 06 0. 03 0. 46 0. 33 
ipAmendn eumpiningds.~ 527-20 25-50 3225.2. - 1. 43 | 1.25 | 0.31 1.31 | 
Albumen, digestible ...........-..-----.----.- | 10.25 7.68} 10.50) 7.81 | 
Indigestible nitrogenous substances..-.-.--.-- 7.18 9.19 | 7. 68 8. 00 
Total nitrogenous substances ---.---.---- | 
| 2! Dooney os Bn ee a oe ee ee eee 27. 83 | 30. 51 27. 34 33. 85 
Mabor: oe 232222. 22: pee eet eae ate 3. 36 E 
ss | i 37.48 39. 99 36. 06 
| Wiruveriree extracts. (ho 222 5.2.22 252-2222: | 38.62 
GE CT eae ee ee ee 4.30 | 3.48 | 6.56 | 5.41 | 
| 1 SES a oe Ee See | 5.05] 8.30 5.18| 5.43 
| Total amount of ge eee ee es Se | 1.85 { 2. 52 2.14 { 2. 05 | 
| Amount of ash soluble in water -...---.------ 3.76 ; 4.76 2. &2 2.76 
| Amount of PO; soluble in water ---...----_-- 1. 43 | 0.50 | 0.74 0.77 
Water-soluble ash, per cent total ash.----- = 74. 7 Samed (eae 49. | 
| P,0; in water-soluble ash, per cent total P,O;.- - 77 19. 34. aye 
ees etriewme 2f > ed ie “SO Se) 5th sl Gets eer ee St ee 
| Nitrogen in form of theobromine. --.-..---.--- 0. 61 0.55 0. 63 | 0.57 | 
| Nitrogen in form of ammonia.............--.. | 0. 05 0.03 | 0.36 | 0. 26 | 
| Nitrogen in form of amido compounds .....-.- 0. 23 0. 02 0. 05 0.21 | 
| Nitrogen in form of digestible albumen... --. | 1. 64 | 1. 23 1. 68 1.25 
_ Nitrogen in form of indigestible nitrogenous | 
Substances 2: 222 26 5o7.2 Jb sti}. 135. | 1.47 1.23 1. 28 
Nitrogen in form of indigestible nitrogenous | | | 
substances, per cent total nitrogen....-..-.- 31.2 44.5 | 31.2 35.8 
1 Op. cit., note 3, p. 939 of this work. 
