122 
on the amount of oil distributed, the cap was removed in the last four 
series of experiments. 
Series 1. — Sprayed immediately after charging the apparatus, the stopcocks hav- 
ing been previously closed and the pump cleaned. Eesult: 
Per cent of oil. 
Jarl r - 13 
Jar 2 5 
Jar 3 3 
Series 2. — Sprayed after the stopcocks had been left open ten minutes: 
Per cent of oil. 
Jar 1 57 
Jar 2 31 
Jar 3 18 
Jar 4 11 
This series certainly indicates the necessity of keeping the stopcocks 
closed when the pump is not in use. Both these series may have been 
influenced somewhat by the fact, noted above, that the oil reservoir 
was sealed air-tight. 
Series 3. — Sprayed after standing ten minutes with both stopcocks closed from the 
termination of the last series : 
Per cent of oil. 
Jar 1 37 
Jar 2 9 
Jar 3 8 
Series 4. — Conditions same as in Series 3. 
Per cent of oil. 
Jarl 1 34 
Jar2 1 3 
Jar 3 11 
Series 5. — In this series the oil was then turned off and the pump operated until 
the water ran clear. The oil was then turned on and pumping resumed until the 
milkiness of the mixture coming from the nozzle indicated that the normal mixture 
of oil and water was taking place. 
Per cent of oil. 
Jar 1 9 
Jar 2... 14 
Jar3. ...... , 5 
Series 6. — Conditions same as in Series 5. 
Per cent of oil. 
Jarl 14 
Jar 2 15 
Jar 3 15 
It will be noted that, with the exception of the last series, the vari- 
ation was such as to render any application of the oil exceedingly 
dangerous to the plant, it being impossible to foretell the percentage of 
oil. If the results which the above series of experiments indicate are 
the ordinary ones in the use of this apparatus, it certainly can not 
be recommended, and is a most dangerous implement to put into 
the hands of the horticulturist. Until some more certain method of 
insuring uniformity in the proportion of water and oil is devised, it 
will be very much better to adhere to the standard emulsions, which 
are not difficult of preparation, and have advantages beyond the mere 
