153 
same wounds as a possible explanation of the apparent long life-cycle 
of the insect. He also said that Mr. Walsh had reached conclusions 
similar to his own in the matter of the potato-scab larva;, many years ago. 
Mr. Kane, referring to the subject of parasitism, and to the particu- 
lar case noticed by Mr. Hopkins, said that we had here an undoubted 
instance of the great value of parasites in the case of this lettuce crop, 
injury to which by the aphis was limited to the first crop, and in all 
the later croppings the louse was kept in almost complete check by 
parasites, so that no difficulty whatever was experienced. 
The President read a letter from Mr. F. M. Webster, stating that he 
would be unable to attend the meeting on account of his active opera- 
tions in attempting to stamp out the Eidia larvae about the roots of 
grapes by the use of bisulphide of carbon. 
Mr. Howard then read the following paper : 
THE EASTERN OCCURRENCES OF THE SAN JOSi SCALE. 
By L. O. Howard, Washington, D. C. 
During the first week in August, 1893, Mr. B. T. Galloway, chief of 
the Division of Vegetable Pathology of the Department of Agriculture, 
brought me a pear which had been sent him by Dr. 0. H. Hedges, of 
Charlottesville, Va., on account of what the sender supposed to be 
a fungus disease. I nearly jumped out of my seat at the first glance 
at this pear, for I immediately recognized that scourge of western 
orchards, the San Jose scale (Aspidiotus perniciosus Comst.), with which 
Eastern entomologists had, up to that time, been made familiar only 
through publications of the California State Board of Horticulture, 
and the writings of Prof. Comstock and Mr. D. W. Coquillett. As 
soon as possible, I informed Prof. Riley of the fact, and he wrote to 
the owner of the affected trees warning him of the serious nature of 
the insect, and also to the State Board of Agriculture of Virginia, 
announcing the appearance of the scale in their State. Two weeks 
later he presented a note on the insect at the Madison meeting of this 
association. Meeting Prof. W. B. Alwood, entomologist and botanist 
to the Virginia State Experiment Station, in Chicago, on the 20th of 
August, I also informed him of the occurrence of the insect at Char- 
lottesville, in order that he might take steps looking towards its exter- 
mination. Two assistants in the Division of Entomology, Messrs. E. 
A. Schwarz and D. W. Coquillett, were sent by Prof. Piley to Charlottes- 
ville at different times in the autumn to examine into the exact condi- 
tions, and to report upon the number of infested trees and the means 
by which the insect probably became introduced. The reports of 
these two gentlemen were published in Insect Life, that of Mr. 
Schwarz in volume VI, p. 247, and that of Mr. Coquillett in the same 
number, beginning on p. 253. It appeared from their examinations 
that the insect was very limited in its extent; that the few spraying 
